SynthesisPloS one2023
The efficacy of interventions in reducing belief in conspiracy theories: A systematic review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fighting fire with fire: Prebunking with the use of a plausible meta-conspiracy framing.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2026Article
- Differential Associations of Authoritarian Submission and Traditionalism with Fake-News Detection and Conspiracy-Claim Endorsement: Evidence from Two Romanian Samples in the 2024-2025 Electoral Cycle.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Chatbots reduce health-related conspiracy beliefs not because of but despite being perceived as AI.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Unpacking COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Network Analysis Perspective on Related Beliefs and Responses.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Disinformation elicits learning biases.eLife · 2026Article
- Conspiracy Beliefs, Institutional Mistrust, and Health-Related Behaviours During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Burkina Faso: A Mediation Analysis.The International journal of health planning and management · 2026Article
- Evaluating generative AI's potential to dispel misinformation about wind farms.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Stability of Network Models Linking Personality to Conspiracy Mentality Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Europe's journal of psychology · 2026Article
- Article
- Conspiracy beliefs predict perceptions of procedural justice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Populist attitudes and belief in conspiracy theories: anti-elitist attitudes and the preference for unrestricted popular sovereignty reduce the positive impact of an analytical thinking style on conspiracy beliefs.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- The role of interdependent self-construal in mitigating the effect of conspiratorial beliefs on vaccine acceptance.The British journal of social psychology · 2025Article
- Article
- Conspiracy theories as engines of connection for enriched public debates on emerging technologies.Communications earth & environment · 2025Article
- Conspiracy narratives and vaccine hesitancy: a scoping review of prevalence, impact, and interventions.BMC public health · 2024Article
- [Conspiracy theories, social polarization and crises].Der Nervenarzt · 2024Article
- Association of the belief in conspiracy narratives with vaccination status and recommendation behaviours of German physicians.Vaccine: X · 2024Article
- The sociodemographic correlates of conspiracism.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Correlates of climate change skepticism.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Assessing inoculation's effectiveness in motivating resistance to conspiracy propaganda in Finnish and United States samples.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Conspiracy beliefs have become a topic of increasing interest among behavioural researchers. While holding conspiracy beliefs has been associated with several detrimental social, personal, and health consequences, little research has been dedicated to systematically reviewing the methods that could reduce conspiracy beliefs. We conducted a systematic review to identify and assess interventions that have sought to counter conspiracy beliefs. Out of 25 studies (total N = 7179), we found that while the majority of interventions were ineffective in terms of changing conspiracy beliefs, several interventions were particularly effective. Interventions that fostered an analytical mindset or taught critical thinking skills were found to be the most effective in terms of changing conspiracy beliefs. Our findings are important as we develop future research to combat conspiracy beliefs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.