Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37018139›Full record

ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2023

COVID-19 infection, admission and death and the impact of corticosteroids among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic disease during the second wave of COVID-19 in England: results from the RECORDER Project.

Megan Rutter, Peter C Lanyon, Matthew J Grainge, Richard Hubbard, Mary Bythell, Peter Stilwell, Jeanette Aston, Sean McPhail, Sarah Stevens, Fiona A Pearce

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Megan RutterDepartment of Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Peter C LanyonDepartment of Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Matthew J GraingeDepartment of Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7181-4042
Richard HubbardDepartment of Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Mary BythellNational Congenital Anomaly and Rare Disease Registration Service, National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, Leeds, UK.
Peter StilwellNational Congenital Anomaly and Rare Disease Registration Service, National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, Leeds, UK.
Jeanette AstonNational Congenital Anomaly and Rare Disease Registration Service, National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, Leeds, UK.
Sean McPhailNational Congenital Anomaly and Rare Disease Registration Service, National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, Leeds, UK.
Sarah StevensNational Congenital Anomaly and Rare Disease Registration Service, National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, Leeds, UK.
Fiona A PearceDepartment of Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2884-1998
NHS Digital · GBNottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust · GBUniversity of Nottingham · GB

Funding

Lupus UKNIHR NIHR300863Scleroderma and Raynaud's UKVersus Arthritis Clinical Research 22727
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo calculate the rates of COVID-19 infection and COVID-19-related death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD) during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England, and describe the impact of corticosteroids on outcomes.

methodsHospital Episode Statistics data were used to identify people alive on 1 August 2020 with ICD-10 codes for RAIRD from the whole population of England. Linked national health records were used to calculate rates and rate ratios of COVID-19 infection and death up to 30 April 2021. Primary definition of COVID-19-related death was mention of COVID-19 on the death certificate. NHS Digital and Office for National Statistics general population data were used for comparison. The association between 30-day corticosteroid usage and COVID-19-related death, COVID-19-related hospital admissions and all-cause deaths was also described.

resultsOf 168 330 people with RAIRD, 9961 (5.92%) had a positive COVID-19 PCR test. The age-standardized infection rate ratio between RAIRD and the general population was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.00). 1342 (0.80%) people with RAIRD died with COVID-19 on their death certificate and the age-sex-standardized mortality rate for COVID-19-related death was 2.76 (95% CI: 2.63, 2.89) times higher than in the general population. There was a dose-dependent relationship between 30-day corticosteroid usage and COVID-19-related death. There was no increase in deaths due to other causes.

conclusionsDuring the second wave of COVID-19 in England, people with RAIRD had the same risk of COVID-19 infection but a 2.76-fold increased risk of COVID-19-related death compared with the general population, with corticosteroids associated with increased risk.

Indexed as

COVID-19Rheumatic DiseasesAdrenal Cortex HormonesEnglandHumansPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Adrenal Cortex HormonescoronavirusCOVID-19epidemiologyinfectionmortalityrare autoimmune rheumatic diseasesshielding

Identifiers

PMID37018139
PMCPMC10691923
OpenAlexW4362602248

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.