ArticleThe journal of headache and pain2023
Headache impact and socioeconomic status: findings from a study of the German Migraine and Headache Society (DMKG).
Article in The journal of headache and pain, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characteristics and Treatment Patterns in People with Burden of Migraine: A Subgroup Analysis of the OVERCOME Japan 2nd Study.Pain and therapy · 2026Article
- Burden of Tension-Type Headache Among Older Adults in the Middle East and North Africa Region, 1990-2023.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Trends in the Burden of Headache Disorders in Europe, 1990-2021: A Systematic Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Hallmarks of primary headache: part 2- Tension-type headache.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Review
- Article
- Exploring the link between self-management of migraine and emotional wellbeing: a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling migraine sufferers.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Article
- Headache disorders and relevant sex and socioeconomic patterns in adolescents and young adults across 204 countries and territories: an updated global analysis.The journal of headache and pain · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgoundHeadache disorders are not only among the most prevalent, they are also among the most disabling disorders worldwide. This paper investigates the association between headache impact on daily life and the socioeconomic status (SES) of headache sufferers.
methodsData stem from a random general population sample in Germany. Respondents who reported having headache for at least a year and were aged ≥ 18 years were included in the study. A standardized questionnaire addressing headache and headache treatment was filled in during the face-to-face survey. The impact of headache on daily life was measured using the German version of the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6).
resultsHigher headache impact was found in low and medium SES compared to high SES. After adjustment for sociodemographics, headache-related factors (analgesic use, headache duration, headache frequency, migraine diagnosis), depressive symptoms, physical inactivity and obesity, an increased odds ratio of having higher headache impact in low SES compared to high SES was found: OR = 1.83, 95% CI [1.43, 2.23], p = .014. When the interactions "SES*obesity", "SES*depressive symptoms", and "SES*physical inactivity" were added, the results showed a significant interaction effect of "SES*obesity". Obese persons with low SES were 3.64 times more likely to have higher headache impact than non-obese persons with low SES. No significant differences between obese and non-obese persons were found in the medium and high SES groups.
conclusionsSES is an important factor that should not be neglected in headache awareness campaigns and headache treatment. Longitudinal studies are needed in the future to investigate whether lifestyle interventions, such as weight reduction, can help to reduce headache impact in people in lower SES.
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