ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2023
Prolonged Corticosteroids Without Maintenance Immunotherapy for Treatment of Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis: Analysis of Outcomes and Relapse Rate.
Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Recurrence of Autoimmune Encephalitis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Investigating health related quality of life and clinical measures in autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Persistent Bilateral [Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Relapse risk and functional outcomes in anti-LGI1 encephalitis: A multicenter retrospective analysis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- Case Report: Sequential FcRn blockade and B-cell depletion for treatment-refractory relapsing autoimmune encephalitis: a three-patient case series.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Acute and Long-Term Immune-Treatment Strategies in Anti-LGI1 Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis: A Multicenter Cohort Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Observational
- Microglial Activation Visualized by [European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Recent advances in autoimmune encephalitis.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2024Review
- Biomaterial strategies for regulating the neuroinflammatory response.Materials advances · 2024Review
- Predictors and Clinical Characteristics of Relapses in LGI1-Antibody Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Morvan Syndrome Associated With Anti-LGI1 Antibodies and Thymoma.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Article
- Outcome and Sequelae of Autoimmune Encephalitis.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo analyze outcomes and relapse rate of patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis referred to the London Health Sciences Centre Autoimmune Neurology Clinic, where prolonged (≥3 months) corticosteroids without steroid-sparing maintenance immunotherapy are the typical treatment approach.
methodsRetrospective chart review.
resultsEighteen patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis were identified. The median age at symptom onset was 65 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 62-70 years), and 13 (72%) were men. All patients received corticosteroids, with a median treatment duration of 6.3 months (IQR: 3.8-9.6 months). Other first-line immunotherapies used included IV immunoglobulin (n = 11, 61%) and plasma exchange (n = 2, 11%). Three patients referred for refractory disease received rituximab as second-line immunotherapy. No other steroid-sparing maintenance immunotherapies for anti-LGI1 encephalitis were prescribed. At last follow-up, 16/18 (89%) achieved seizure freedom, and 16/18 (89%) had a favorable modified Rankin Scale score. Among 9 patients who had ≥2 years of follow-up from symptom onset, there was disease relapse in 3 (33%), 2 of whom had been referred for refractory disease. DISCUSSION: Among our patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis who typically received prolonged corticosteroids without steroid-sparing maintenance immunotherapy, outcomes were generally favorable, and relapses were uncommon outside of refractory disease. Further investigation is needed to clarify the optimal corticosteroid regimen and role of steroid-sparing maintenance immunotherapy in anti-LGI1 encephalitis.
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Registered trials
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