Observational studyBMJ open2023
Impact of lifting the mandatory evacuation order after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident on the emergency medical system: a retrospective observational study at Minamisoma City with machine learning analysis.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to identify factors that delayed emergency medical services (EMS) in evacuation order zones after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident and to investigate how the lifting of the evacuation affected these factors over time.
designThis research was a retrospective observational study. The primary outcome measure was onsite EMS time. A gradient boosting model and a decision tree were used to find the boundary values for factors that reduce EMS.
settingThe target area was Minamisoma City, Fukushima, Japan that was partly designated as an evacuation order zone after the 2011 Fukushima disaster, which was lifted due to decreased radiation.
participantsThis study included patients transferred by EMS from 1 January 2013 through 31 October 2018. Patients who were not transported and those transported for community events, interhospital patient transfer and natural disasters were excluded. OUTCOME MEASURES: This study evaluated the total EMS time using on-site time which is the time from arrival at the scene to departure to the destination, and other independent factors.
resultsThe total number of transports was 12 043. The decision tree revealed that the major factors that prolonged onsite time were time of day and latitude, except for differences by year. While latitude was a major factor in extending on-site time until 2016, the effect of latitude decreased and that of time of day became more significant since 2017. The boundary was located at N37.695° latitude.
conclusionsThe onsite time delay in EMS in evacuation order zones is largely due to regional factors from north to south and the time of day. However, the north-south regional factor decreased with the lifting of evacuation orders.
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