Trial reportPediatric research2023
Evaluation of heterogeneity in effect of therapeutic hypothermia by sex among infants with neonatal encephalopathy.
Trial report in Pediatric research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-Dependent Long-Term Neurobehavioral Recovery in Experimental Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Article
- Protective versus Risk Factors for 18-month Outcomes in a multi-decade sample of preterm infants age 23-30 weeks.Medical research archives · 2025Article
- What are the implications of sex differences in cell death for treatment after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia, if any?Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Cerebral Oxygenation Pattern during Therapeutic Hypothermia after Perinatal Asphyxia: A Single Center Cohort Study.Neonatology · 2025Article
- The Importance of Including Maternal Immune Activation in Animal Models of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Article
- Antenatal Magnesium Sulfate Benefits Female Preterm Infants but Results in Poor Male Outcomes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Impact of sex, race, and social determinants of health on neonatal outcomes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- A narrative review on treatment strategies for neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.Translational pediatrics · 2023Review
- Sex Vulnerabilities to Hypoxia-Ischemia at Birth.JAMA network open · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOur objective was to examine heterogeneity in the effect of therapeutic hypothermia by sex in infants with moderate or severe neonatal encephalopathy.
methodsWe conducted a post hoc analysis of the Induced Hypothermia trial, which included infants born at gestational ages ≥36 weeks, admitted at ≤6 postnatal hours with evidence of severe acidosis or perinatal complications and moderate or severe neonatal encephalopathy. Multivariate modified Poisson regression models were used to compare the treatment effect of whole-body hypothermia versus control, with an evaluation of interaction by sex, on the primary outcome of death or moderate or severe disability at 18-22 months of corrected age.
resultsA total of 101 infants (51 male, 50 female) were randomly assigned to hypothermia treatment and 104 infants (64 male, 40 female) to control. The primary outcome occurred in 45% of the hypothermia group and 63% of the control group (RR 0.73; 95% CI 0.56, 0.94). There was no significant difference (interaction P = 0.50) in the treatment effect of hypothermia on the primary outcome between females (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.54, 1.17) compared to males (RR 0.63; 95% CI 0.44, 0.91).
conclusionWe found no evidence that sex influences the treatment effect of hypothermia in infants with moderate or severe neonatal encephalopathy. IMPACT: Preclinical evidence suggests a differential effect in response to cooling treatment of hypoxic-ischemic injury between males and females. We found no evidence of heterogeneity in the treatment effect of whole-body hypothermia by sex in this post hoc subgroup analysis of infants with moderate or severe neonatal encephalopathy from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network Induced Hypothermia trial.
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