Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37008844›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2023

Development and validation of the caregiver needs and resources assessment.

Kin-Kit Li, Cyrus L K Leung, Dannii Yeung, Marcus Y L Chiu, Alice M L Chong, Beck C Y Lam, Edwin K H Chung, T Wing Lo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Mapping Caregiver Needs' Assessment Tools for Family and Friend Caregivers: A Rapid Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kin-Kit LiDepartment of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Cyrus L K LeungThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Dannii YeungDepartment of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Marcus Y L ChiuSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom.
Alice M L ChongFelizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Beck C Y LamDepartment of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Edwin K H ChungDepartment of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
T Wing LoDepartment of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Existing caregiver assessment tools were long criticized for focusing on the needs and burden while neglecting the importance of the resources. The current study aimed to develop a multidimensional and time-effective assessment tool that measures both needs and resources of non-paid family caregivers of older adults for screening and service-matching purposes. Methods: Items of the Caregiver Needs and Resources Assessment (CNRA) were developed from extensive literature reviews and focus group interviews of family caregivers and social workers in the field. In addition, we collected 317 valid responses from family caregivers of older adults from local non-government organizations in examining the psychometric properties of the CNRA. Results: The results revealed a 12-factor structure that fitted nicely into the conceptual frame of needs and resources domains. Need factors were positively associated with mental health symptoms, while resource factors were positively associated with peace in mind, meaning-making, and personal gain measures. The 36-item CNRA revealed good internal reliability and convergent validity. Discussion: The CNRA has the potential to be used as a compact yet balanced assessment tool for understanding both the needs and resources of caregivers for human service professionals.

Indexed as

assessmentcaregiverscaregivers’ needscaregivers’ resourcesHong Kongscale development

Identifiers

PMID37008844
PMCPMC10064064

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.