ArticleSchizophrenia research. Cognition2023
Do loneliness and social exclusion breed paranoia? An experience sampling investigation across the psychosis continuum.
Article in Schizophrenia research. Cognition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions supporting meaningful connections for people with serious mental illness: a concept-framed systematic narrative review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Methodological Characteristics and Feasibility of Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies in Psychosis: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Pooled it
- Adherence and Acceptability of Smartphone- and Wearable-Based Digital Phenotyping in Patients With First-Episode Psychosis: Observance et acceptabilité du phénotypage numérique fondé sur les téléphones intelligents et les objets personnels connectés chez les patients présentant un premier épisode de psychose.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2026Article
- Paranoid Ideation in Gay Men: The Roles of Psychological Emptiness, Identity Loss, Loneliness, and Identity Resilience.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Loneliness patterns across time and subsequent risk of psychotic experiences, depression, anxiety, and diminished well-being in adolescents.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Social interactions in isolated, confined, and extreme environments: A study of Antarctic winter teams using wearable sensors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Relationships between attachment insecurity, beliefs about the self and others, paranoia, and social functioning across the psychosis continuum.The British journal of clinical psychology · 2026Article
- Social disconnection and psychotic-like experiences in the Slovak DISCONNECT epidemiological study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Are You Really Paranoid, Just Because They Are After You? Exploring the Underlying Sensitization Processes of Intersectional Discrimination on Everyday-Life Paranoia.Clinical psychology in Europe · 2026Article
- Automatic speech analysis can predict loneliness.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The relationship between mental state decoding and real-world social functioning - An experience sampling investigation.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- An idiographic network approach to modeling daily loneliness and paranoia in psychosis: implications for personalized interventions.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Willingness to trust is reduced by loneliness and paranoia.Communications psychology · 2025Article
- Shedding light on the dynamic interplay of positive and negative symptoms of psychosis with Behavioral Tractography.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Using machine learning to predict persecutory beliefs based on aetiological models of delusions identified in a systematic literature search.Communications psychology · 2025Article
- Aberrant personal space is associated with paranoia, altered stress regulation, and unfavourable outcomes at 6 months' follow-up in schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- The association between loneliness and pain, and the role of physical health and distress: an analysis in 139 countries.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cognitive processes and pathways between social isolation, loneliness, and paranoia: findings from a cross-lagged network analysis of population-based data.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Media Use and Its Associations With Paranoia in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Ecological Momentary Assessment.JMIR mental health · 2024Article
- The role of loneliness and negative schemas in the moment-to-moment dynamics between social anxiety and paranoia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The role of loneliness and social exclusion in the development of paranoia is largely unexplored. Negative affect may mediate potential associations between these factors. We investigated the temporal relationships of daily-life loneliness, felt social exclusion, negative affect, and paranoia across the psychosis continuum. Method: Seventy-five participants, including 29 individuals with a diagnosis of non-affective psychosis, 20 first-degree relatives, and 26 controls used an Experience Sampling Method (ESM) app to capture the fluctuations in loneliness, feelings of social exclusion, paranoia, and negative affect across a 1-week period. Data were analysed with multilevel regression analyses. Results: In all groups, loneliness and feelings of social exclusion were independent predictors of paranoia over time (b = 0.05, Conclusion: Paranoia and negative affect worsen in all groups following feelings of loneliness and social exclusion. This highlights the importance of a sense of belonging and being included for mental well-being. Loneliness, feeling socially excluded, and negative affect were independent predictors of paranoid thinking, suggesting they represent useful targets in its treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.