Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37005465›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2023

Validity and reliability of the Apple Health app on iPhone for measuring gait parameters in children, adults, and seniors.

Christian Werner, Natalie Hezel, Fabienne Dongus, Jan Spielmann, Jan Mayer, Clemens Becker, Jürgen M Bauer

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
29.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. The Future Is Mobile: Pilot Validation Study of Apple Health Metrics in Orthopaedic Trauma.The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
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  20. Mobility Assessment Instruments.Seminars in oncology nursing · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Christian WernerGeriatric Center, Agaplesion Bethanien Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany. christian.werner@agaplesion.de.
Natalie HezelGeriatric Center, Agaplesion Bethanien Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany.
Fabienne DongusInstitute of Sports and Sports Science, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Jan SpielmannTSG ResearchLab, 74939, Zuzenhausen, Germany.
Jan MayerTSG ResearchLab, 74939, Zuzenhausen, Germany.
Clemens BeckerUnit of Digital Geriatric Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
Jürgen M BauerGeriatric Center, Agaplesion Bethanien Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany.
Heidelberg University · DEAgaplesion Bethanien Krankenhaus · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study assessed the concurrent validity and test-retest-reliability of the Apple Health app on iPhone for measuring gait parameters in different age groups. Twenty-seven children, 28 adults and 28 seniors equipped with an iPhone completed a 6-min walk test (6MWT). Gait speed (GS), step length (SL), and double support time (DST) were extracted from the gait recordings of the Health app. Gait parameters were simultaneously collected with an inertial sensors system (APDM Mobility Lab) to assess concurrent validity. Test-retest reliability was assessed via a second iPhone-instrumented 6MWT 1 week later. Agreement of the Health App with the APDM Mobility Lab was good for GS in all age groups and for SL in adults/seniors, but poor to moderate for DST in all age groups and for SL in children. Consistency between repeated measurements was good to excellent for all gait parameters in adults/seniors, and moderate to good for GS and DST but poor for SL in children. The Health app on iPhone is reliable and valid for measuring GS and SL in adults and seniors. Careful interpretation is required when using the Health app in children and when measuring DST in general, as both have shown limited validity and/or reliability.

Indexed as

Mobile ApplicationsAccelerometryAdultChildGaitHumansReproducibility of ResultsWalking

Identifiers

PMID37005465
PMCPMC10067003
OpenAlexW4362521683

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.