ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2023
Cannabis Use and Symptomatic Relapse in First Episode Schizophrenia: Trigger or Consequence? Data From the OPTIMISE Study.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Randomized Laboratory Study of Single-Dose Cannabis, Dronabinol, and Placebo in Patients With Schizophrenia and Cannabis Use Disorder.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Trial
- Cannabis use and glutamate across the psychosis spectrum: in vivo evidence from 7T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Real-world effectiveness of antipsychotic medication in relapse prevention after cannabis-induced psychosis.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Article
- Cannabis Use and Glutamate across the Psychosis Spectrum: In Vivo Evidence from 7T Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.Research square · 2025Article
- Recent cannabis use affects the association between baseline immune markers and long-term outcomes in psychosis.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Evidence of altered monoamine oxidase B, an astroglia marker, in early psychosis and high-risk state.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Substance Use in Early Psychosis: Mixed Methods Impact on Family.Journal of dual diagnosis · 2025Article
- A proof-of-concept analysis of data from the first NHS clinic for young adults with comorbid cannabis use and psychotic disorders.BJPsych open · 2024Article
- Antipsychotic Use and Psychiatric Hospitalization in First-Episode Non-affective Psychosis and Cannabis Use Disorder: A Swedish Nationwide Cohort Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- Improving our Understanding of Early Psychosis: Learning from the Optimise Trial.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and hypothesisThis analysis examined the relationship between cannabis use, compliance with antipsychotics and risk for relapse in patients in remission following a first episode of schizophrenia, schizophreniform, or schizoaffective disorder. STUDY
designAnalyses were performed on data from a large European study on first episode of schizophrenia, schizophreniform, or schizoaffective disorder (OPTiMiSE). After 10 weeks of antipsychotic treatment, 282/446 patients (63%) met criteria for symptomatic remission; of whom 134/282 (47.5%) then completed a 1-year follow-up. Cross-lagged models and mediation models investigated the temporal relationships between cannabis use, compliance with antipsychotics, social functioning, and symptomatic worsening/relapse. STUDY
resultsCompared to nonusers, cannabis use increased risk for relapse, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 3.03 (SE = 0.32), P < .001, even in patients who were compliant with antipsychotic medication, adjusted HR = 2.89, (SE = 0.32), P < .001. Cannabis use preceded symptomatic worsening and was followed by worsening of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score at the 1-year end-point (standardized β = 0.62, SE = 0.19, P = .001) and by worsening of social functioning (coef = -0.66, P ≤ .001).
conclusionsIn patients in remission from their first episode of schizophrenia, schizophreniform, or schizoaffective disorder, cannabis use increases the rate of relapse in both compliant and noncompliant individuals. Importantly, the temporal relationship between cannabis and relapse was that cannabis use preceded later relapse, noncompliance, and decrease in social functioning, and not that patients began to relapse, then used cannabis. Further research with a precision psychiatry approach might identify those patients in particular danger of relapse when using cannabis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.