ArticleYonsei medical journal2023
Combined Effects of Focused Ultrasound and Photodynamic Treatment for Malignant Brain Tumors Using C6 Glioma Rat Model.
Article in Yonsei medical journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sonodynamic therapy for adult-type diffuse gliomas: past, present, and future.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Ultrasound-triggered platelet vehicles loading fluorescein for targeted sonodynamic therapy of glioblastoma.Drug delivery · 2026Article
- Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Anticancer Drug Therapy in the Treatment of Malignant Neoplasms.Cells · 2026Review
- Photodynamic therapy for glioblastoma: a narrative review.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- New experimental therapies for glioblastoma: a review of preclinical research.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- Sonodynamic Therapy Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid for Malignant Gliomas: A Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Glioblastoma Therapy: Past, Present and Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeGlioblastoma (GBM) is an intractable disease for which various treatments have been attempted, but with little effect. This study aimed to measure the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which are currently being used to treat brain tumors, as well as sono-photodynamic therapy (SPDT), which is the combination of these two. MATERIALS AND
methodsFour groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with C6 glioma cells in a cortical region and treated with PDT, SDT, and SPDT. Gd-MRI was monitored weekly and 18F-FDG-PET the day before and 1 week after the treatment. The acoustic power used during sonication was 5.5 W/cm² using a 0.5-MHz single-element transducer. The 633-nm laser was illuminated at 100 J/cm². Oxidative stress and apoptosis markers were evaluated 3 days after treatment using immunohistochemistry (IHC): 4-HNE, 8-OhdG, and Caspase-3.
resultsA decrease in tumor volume was observed in MRI imaging 12 days after the treatment in the PDT group (
conclusionOur findings show that light with sensitizers can inhibit GBM growth, but not ultrasound. Although SPDT did not show the combined effect in MRI, high oxidative stress was observed in IHC. Further studies are needed to investigate the safety parameters to apply ultrasound in GBM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.