ArticleBrain tumor pathology2023
Impact of tumor markers on diagnosis, treatment and prognosis in CNS germ cell tumors: correlations with clinical practice and histopathology.
Article in Brain tumor pathology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase II trial of pathology-based tripartite treatment stratification for patients with CNS germ cell tumors: A long-term follow-up study.Neuro-oncology · 2025Trial
- A multimodal MRI-based deep learning model for non-invasive diagnosis of pineal region germinoma.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- Primary vaginal yolk sac tumor in an 11-month-old girl: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Histopathology and Molecular Pathology of Pineal Region Tumors.Advances and technical standards in neurosurgery · 2026Review
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- Article
- Nasal immature teratoma in an elderly patient: Clinicopathological and epigenetic analogies with central nervous system counterparts, alongside genomic divergences.Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology · 2025Article
- Adult ovarian and sellar region mixed germ cell tumor: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Primary central nervous system germ cell tumors in Central America and the Caribbean Region: an AHOPCA 20-year experience.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tumor markers in CNS germ cell tumors (GCTs) include human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP), which have significant diagnostic implications, as elevation of either one leads to clinical diagnosis of non-germinomatous GCTs without histopathological confirmation, justifying intensified chemotherapy and irradiation. The current study, based on an international cohort of histopathologically verified GCTs that underwent biopsy (n = 85) or resection (n = 76), sought to better define the clinical role and prognostic significance of tumor markers from serum and CSF in this challenging patient population. We found that HCG was elevated only in cases with a germinoma or choriocarcinoma component, and there existed a clear cut-off HCG value between the two. AFP was often elevated in GCTs without a yolk sac tumor component, especially immature teratoma. HCG was elevated only in CSF in 3-of-52 cases, and AFP was elevated only in serum in 7-of-49 cases, emphasizing the potential utilization of both serum and CSF studies. Immature teratoma demonstrated unfavorable prognosis independent of tumor marker status, with 56% 5-year overall survival; however, co-existent germinoma components indicated a more favorable prognosis. Taken together, the study findings emphasize the importance for routine assessment and guarded interpretation of tumor markers in CNS GCTs.
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