Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36994370›Full record

ReviewDrug and alcohol dependence reports2023

History of the discovery, development, and FDA-approval of buprenorphine medications for the treatment of opioid use disorder.

Christian Heidbreder, Paul J Fudala, Mark K Greenwald

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Drug and alcohol dependence reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. SubgroupTE: Advancing Treatment Effect Estimation with Subgroup Identification.ACM transactions on intelligent systems and technology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Buprenorphine: Applications in Oncology and Palliative Care.Clinical journal of oncology nursing · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Primary care professionals' perspectives on tailoring buprenorphine training for rural practice.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2024
    Article
  19. Nor-LAAM loaded PLGA microparticles for treating opioid use disorder.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Christian HeidbrederIndivior Plc, North Chesterfield, VA, United States of America.
Paul J FudalaIndivior Plc, North Chesterfield, VA, United States of America.
Mark K GreenwaldDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Buprenorphine-based medications were first approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2002 for the treatment of opioid dependence, or opioid use disorder (OUD) as the condition is presently known. This regulatory milestone was the outcome of 36 years of research and development, which also led to the development and approval of several other new buprenorphine-based medications. In this short review, we first describe the discovery and early development stages of buprenorphine. Second, we review key steps that led to the development of buprenorphine as a drug product. Third, we explain the regulatory approval of several buprenorphine-based medications for the treatment of OUD. We also discuss these developments in the context of the evolution of regulations and policies that have progressively improved OUD treatment availability and efficacy, although challenges remain in removing system-level, provider-level, and local-level barriers to quality treatment, to integrating OUD treatment into routine care and other settings, to reducing disparities in access to treatment, and to optimizing person-centered outcomes.

Indexed as

BuprenorphineFormulationsMedication developmentOpioid use disorderRegulatory approvals

Identifiers

PMID36994370
PMCPMC10040330

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.