ReviewSports medicine and health science2023
Skeletal muscle mechanisms contributing to improved glycemic control following intense interval exercise and training.
Review in Sports medicine and health science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Comparative effects of long- and short-interval aerobic high-intensity interval training on glycemic control among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Acute effects of "exercise snacks" on postprandial glucose and insulin responses in populations at metabolic risk: a meta-analysis with exploratory meta-regression and vascular outcomes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Impact of carbohydrate timing on glucose metabolism and substrate oxidation following high-intensity evening aerobic exercise in athletes: a randomized controlled study.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Exercise Intensity and Circulating Exerkine Responses: A Narrative Review of Selected Molecules.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Two Months of Active Video Game Training Improves Selected Lipid Profile Markers in Older Adults: A Preliminary Study.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT) provides limited improvement in post-prandial and 24-hour glycemia in healthy, physically active men.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2026Article
- Association Between Daily Steps Measured by Accelerometry and Diabetes in ELSA-Brasil Participants.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Effects of Red Wine and Daily Exercise on Glycemic Control in Insulin Resistant Individuals.International journal of exercise science · 2026Article
- High-Intensity Interval Training Decreases Circulating HMGB1 in Individuals with Insulin Resistance: Plasma Lipidomics Correlate with Associated Cardiometabolic Benefits.Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) · 2025Article
- Acute effects of different "exercise snacking'' modalities on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exercise snacks and physical fitness in sedentary populations.Sports medicine and health science · 2025Review
- Metabolic syndrome: epidemiology, mechanisms, and current therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- How Can Promoting Skeletal Muscle Health and Exercise in Children and Adolescents Prevent Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effect of eight-week high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training programme on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors in sedentary adolescents.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- The Chronic Effect of Stair Climbing-Descending Exercises after Meals on Glycemic Control in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Constrained IoT-Based Machine Learning for Accurate Glycemia Forecasting in Type 1 Diabetes Patients.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Hot topics in muscle metabolism and adaptation.Sports medicine and health science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
High-intensity and sprint interval training (HIIT and SIT, respectively) enhance insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in both healthy adults and those with cardiometabolic diseases. The beneficial effects of intense interval training on glycemic control include both improvements seen in the hours to days following a single session of HIIT/SIT and those which accrue with chronic training. Skeletal muscle is the largest site of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and plays an integral role in the beneficial effects of exercise on glycemic control. Here we summarize the skeletal muscle responses that contribute to improved glycemic control during and following a single session of interval exercise and evaluate the relationship between skeletal muscle remodelling and improved insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT training interventions. Recent evidence suggests that targeting skeletal muscle mechanisms via nutritional interventions around exercise, particularly with carbohydrate manipulation, can enhance the acute glycemic benefits of HIIT. There is also some evidence of sex-based differences in the glycemic benefits of intense interval exercise, with blunted responses observed after training in females relative to males. Differences in skeletal muscle metabolism between males and females may contribute to sex differences in insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT, but well-controlled studies evaluating purported muscle mechanisms alongside measurement of insulin sensitivity are needed. Given the greater representation of males in muscle physiology literature, there is also a need for more research involving female-only cohorts to enhance our basic understanding of how intense interval training influences muscle insulin sensitivity in females across the lifespan.
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