ArticleJournal of family medicine and primary care2022
Impoverishing effects of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures in India.
Article in Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and determinants of financial toxicity in patients with colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal for equity in health · 2026Pooled it
- The economic burden of Type 2 Diabetes by social determinants of health: A systematic review.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- The socioeconomic and health system determinants of financial protection indicators: a global systematic review (2008-2023).BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Willingness and Ability to Pay for Critical Care Treatment for Non-COVID Illness during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Centre in India.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2026Article
- Determinants of out-of-pocket expenditures amongst cancer patients undergoing modern radiotherapy modalities in public healthcare facilities of Tamil Nadu, South India.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Healthcare Inequity in Spinal Cord Injury: Out of Pocket and Access Barriers in Paraplegic and Tetraplegic Patients in Iran.Korean journal of neurotrauma · 2026Article
- Bridging the health insurance awareness gap: knowledge, perceptions, and utilization among patients at a tertiary care hospital in India.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Urban stressors among slum residents in a megacity in India: A qualitative explorative study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Article
- Pharmaceutical quality and cost-effectiveness of branded versus generic medicines across 22 drug types and 8 therapeutic categories: a citizen-funded comparative study from regulated retail outlets in Kerala, India.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Out-of-pocket expenditure experienced by couples seeking In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) services at tertiary care facilities in India.PloS one · 2026Observational
- The catastrophic financial burden of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and asset index-based inequality analysis: A prospective cohort study analysing patients' impoverishment.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Impact of out-of-pocket health expenditure on poverty in India.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Examining the cost of outpatient care for female patients: insights from private healthcare services.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Financial burden of systemic lupus erythematosus in India: prevalence and predictors of catastrophic health expenditure in a multicentre cross-sectional study.BMC rheumatology · 2025Article
- Article
- Mapping political commitments: Analysing health priorities in Indian election manifestos.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Financial protection and universal health coverage in Georgia: an analysis of impoverishing healthcare costs using household income and expenditure surveys .BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Free surgery for CHD through philanthropy-a sustainable model?Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Out of the 1.324 billion people in India (2016), around 12.4% of the population is below the poverty line. In India, out-of-pocket health expenditure (OOP) expenses account for about 62.6% of total health expenditure - one of the highest in the world. High OOP health expenditures push many households into poverty. This study aims to identify the impoverishing effects of OOP health expenditures in India. Methods: Data from the recent national survey by the National Sample Survey Organization - Social Consumption in Health 2014 are used to investigate the effect of OOP health expenditure on household poverty. Poverty headcounts and poverty gaps were estimated at the household level before and after making OOP healthcare payments. A logistic regression model is for predicting the effect of various factors on the incidence of impoverishment due to OOP health expenditures. Results: There were 65,932 households in the sample. The total poverty headcount in the population before making OOP payments was 16.44% and it increased to 19.05% after making OOP payments. This 2.61% increase in the poverty headcount corresponds to 6.47 million households. Logistic regression results showed that medium and large households, household members with increased duration of stay in the hospital, utilization of private health facility and the presence of chronic illness increased odds of impoverishment due to OOP health expenditures. Conclusions: Health insurance programmes must be expanded to cover outpatient and preventive health services, include people above the poverty line, cover the whole household irrespective of the number of members living in the household and the coverage threshold limits must be increased. Urban poor must be enrolled in health insurance programmes without any delay.
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