ReviewVaccines2023
COVID-19 and Frailty.
Review in Vaccines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increase in Healthcare-Associated Infections: Is COVID-19 Responsible? A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Six Years of COVID-19: Lessons from Epidemiology, Vaccination Campaigns, Clinical Risk Stratification, and Thromboembolic Surveillance.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Infection control challenges during 4 years of COVID-19 in a French psychiatric institution (2020-2024).IJID regions · 2026Article
- Role of the Inflammasome Pathway According to the Expression of Proteins and Genetic Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Observational
- Change in Feeding and Swallowing Function in Elderly Patients with Isolated Hospitalization for COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Oral Health Related Factors Predicting Severe COVID-19 Disease in Elderly Swedes.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Role of Frailty Index-Laboratory to predict COVID-19 mortality: a prospective study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Investigating Frailty, Polypharmacy, Malnutrition, Chronic Conditions, and Quality of Life in Older Adults: Large Population-Based Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Frailty as a Predictor of COVID-19 Mortality in the South Indian Population: An Observational Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- T Cell Peptide Prediction, Immune Response, and Host-Pathogen Relationship in Vaccinated and Recovered from Mild COVID-19 Subjects.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- [COVID-19 fatality rate conditioned by risk factors in Mexico in 2020].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2024Article
- Functional Aspects of the Obesity Paradox in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease-2019: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2024Article
- Association of Inflammatory Mediators with Mitochondrial DNA Variants in Geriatric COVID-19 Patients.Aging and disease · 2024Article
- Review
- COVID-19 and sarcopenia-related traits: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Older age is a major risk factor for adverse outcomes of COVID-19, potentially due to immunosenescence and chronic low-grade inflammation, both characteristics of older adults which synergistically contribute to their vulnerability. Furthermore, older age is also associated with decreased kidney function and is consequently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. All of this in the course of COVID-19 infection can worsen and promote the progression of chronic kidney damage and all its sequelae. Frailty is a condition characterized by the decline in function of several homeostatic systems, leading to increased vulnerability to stressors and risk of adverse health outcomes. Thus, it is very likely that frailty, together with comorbidities, may have contributed to the high vulnerability to severe clinical manifestations and deaths from COVID-19 among older people. The combination of viral infection and chronic inflammation in the elderly could cause multiple unforeseen harmful consequences, affecting overall disability and mortality rates. In post-COVID-19 patients, inflammation has been implicated in sarcopenia progression, functional activity decline, and dementia. After the pandemic, it is imperative to shine a spotlight on these sequelae so that we can be prepared for the future outcomes of the ongoing pandemic. Here, we discuss the potential long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its possibility of causing permanent damage to the precarious balance existing in the frail elderly with multiple pathologies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.