Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36991340›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2023

Spatiotemporal overlapping of dengue, chikungunya, and malaria infections in children in Kenya.

Aslam Khan, Donal Bisanzio, Francis Mutuku, Bryson Ndenga, Elysse N Grossi-Soyster, Zainab Jembe, Priscilla W Maina, Philip K Chebii, Charles O Ronga, Victoria Okuta and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
10.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Predicting the ecological niches ofFrontiers in tropical diseases · 2025
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  11. Temporal Variation and Human Host Predominance inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Aslam Khan *Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. akhan1@stanford.edu.
Donal Bisanzio *RTI International, Washington, DC, USA.
Francis MutukuTechnical University of Mombasa, Mombasa, Kenya.
Bryson NdengaKenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.
Elysse N Grossi-SoysterStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Zainab JembeMsambweni County Referral hospital, Msambweni, Kenya.
Priscilla W MainaMsambweni County Referral hospital, Msambweni, Kenya.
Philip K ChebiiMsambweni County Referral hospital, Msambweni, Kenya.
Charles O RongaKenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.
Victoria OkutaKenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.
A Desiree LaBeaudStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Kenya Medical Research Institute · KEStanford University · USRTI International · USTechnical University of Mombasa · KE

Funding

Research Mentoring and Building Capacity of underrepresented Minority Research Scientists in India.D43TW010540 · FIC · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI MICHELE BARRY, Eva Harris · 2017 to 2026
$15.5M
The child health impacts of overlapping vector-borne diseases in KenyaR01AI102918 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Angelle Desiree LaBeaud · 2013 to 2026
$7.7M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW010540NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI102918
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Malaria, chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and dengue virus (DENV) are endemic causes of fever among children in Kenya. The risks of infection are multifactorial and may be influenced by built and social environments. The high resolution overlapping of these diseases and factors affecting their spatial heterogeneity has not been investigated in Kenya. From 2014-2018, we prospectively followed a cohort of children from four communities in both coastal and western Kenya. Overall, 9.8% were CHIKV seropositive, 5.5% were DENV seropositive, and 39.1% were malaria positive (3521 children tested). The spatial analysis identified hot-spots for all three diseases in each site and in multiple years. The results of the model showed that the risk of exposure was linked to demographics with common factors for the three diseases including the presence of litter, crowded households, and higher wealth in these communities. These insights are of high importance to improve surveillance and targeted control of mosquito-borne diseases in Kenya.

Indexed as

Chikungunya FeverChikungunya virusDengueMalariaAnimalsChildHumansKenyaChikungunya virusChildrenDengue virusKenyaMalaria

Identifiers

PMID36991340
PMCPMC10053720
OpenAlexW4361298355

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.