ArticlePLoS pathogens2023
Chronic immune activation and gut barrier dysfunction is associated with neuroinflammation in ART-suppressed SIV+ rhesus macaques.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of research on HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder and emerging trends: a visualization analysis via CiteSpace.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Central Nervous System Reservoirs and HIV Cure: Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Review
- Phenotypic analysis of productively SIV-infected cells in blood and lymphoid tissues of rhesus macaques.Cell reports · 2026Article
- HIV Reservoirs in Brain parenchyma and Cerebrospinal Fluid During Suppressive ART: Same-Same or Very Different?Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Smoldering in the sanctuary: HIV-associated brain injury in the ART era.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammatory crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes increases viral replication in an iPSC-derived model of CNS HIV infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Anti-IL-15 treatment reduces acute lentivirus inflammation and signaling in the brain.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Viral infection states, immune control, and adult cognition: evidence across latency, persistence, and post-acute responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammatory crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes increases viral replication in an iPSC-derived model of CNS HIV infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Inflammatory neutrophil responses and T cell activation in ART-treated SIVmac239-infected rhesus macaques.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Neuropathogenesis of acute HIV: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic approaches.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Neuroinflammation associated with proviral DNA persists in the brain of virally suppressed people with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Decoding HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: a new perspective from multimodal connectomics.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Risk factors for clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in people with HIV: a report from the REPRIEVE trial.Blood advances · 2024 · on this mapArticle
- Mechanisms underlying HIV-associated cognitive impairment and emerging therapies for its management.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2023Review
- Biological agents and the aging brain: glial inflammation and neurotoxic signaling.Frontiers in aging · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) affect ~40% of virally suppressed people with HIV (PWH), however, the precise viral dependent and independent changes to the brain are unclear. Here we characterized the CNS reservoir and immune environment of SIV-infected (SIV+) rhesus macaques during acute (n = 4), chronic (n = 12) or ART-suppressed SIV infection (n = 11). Multiplex immunofluorescence for markers of SIV infection (vRNA/vDNA) and immune activation was performed on frontal cortex and matched colon tissue. SIV+ animals contained detectable viral DNA+ cells that were not reduced in the frontal cortex or the gut by ART, supporting the presence of a stable viral reservoir in these compartments. SIV+ animals had impaired blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity and heightened levels of astrocytes or myeloid cells expressing antiviral, anti-inflammatory or oxidative stress markers which were not abrogated by ART. Neuroinflammation and BBB dysfunction correlated with measures of viremia and immune activation in the gut. Furthermore, SIV-uninfected animals with experimentally induced gut damage and colitis showed a similar immune activation profile in the frontal cortex to those of SIV-infected animals, supporting the role of chronic gut damage as an independent source of neuroinflammation. Together, these findings implicate gut-associated immune activation/damage as a significant contributor to neuroinflammation in ART-suppressed HIV/SIV infection which may drive HAND pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.