In Vitro Characterizations of Post-Crosslinked Gelatin-Based Microspheres Modified by Phosphatidylcholine or Diammonium Phosphate as Antibiotic Delivery Vehicles.

Kai-Chi Chang, Pei-Jheng Chang, Jian-Chih Chen, Ssu-Meng Huang, Shih-Ming Liu, Chi-Jen Shih, Wen-Cheng Chen

Open access · goldAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

2citing papers in PubMed

0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 40% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kai-Chi ChangAdvanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan.

Pei-Jheng ChangAdvanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan.

Jian-Chih ChenDepartment of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.

Ssu-Meng HuangAdvanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan.

Shih-Ming LiuAdvanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan.

Chi-Jen ShihDepartment of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-1776-6139

Wen-Cheng ChenAdvanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-5581-9991

Feng Chia University · TWKaohsiung Medical University · TW

Funding

National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan NSTC 111-2314-B-035-002-MY3, 110-2221-E-035-013, 109-2314-B-037-027 & 108-2745-8-035-003

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hydrogel-based microspheres prepared by emulsification have been widely used as drug carriers, but biocompatibility remains a challenging issue. In this study, gelatin was used as the water phase, paraffin oil was used as the oil phase, and Span 80 was used as the surfactant. Microspheres were prepared using a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification. Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or phosphatidylcholine (PC) were further used to improve the biocompatibility of post-crosslinked gelatin microspheres. The biocompatibility of DAP-modified microspheres (0.5-10 wt.%) was better than that of PC (5 wt.%). The microspheres soaked in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) lasted up to 26 days before fully degrading. Based on microscopic observation, the microspheres were all spherical and hollow inside. The particle size distribution ranged from 19 μm to 22 μm in diameter. The drug release analysis showed that the antibiotic gentamicin loaded on the microspheres was released in a large amount within 2 h of soaking in PBS. It was stabilized until the amount of microspheres integrated was significantly reduced after soaking for 16 days and then released again to form a two-stage drug release curve. In vitro experiments showed that DAP-modified microspheres at concentrations less than 5 wt.% had no cytotoxicity. Antibiotic-impregnated and DAP-modified microspheres had good antibacterial effects against

Indexed as

antibioticbiocompatibilitydrug releaseemulsificationhydrogelmicrospheresmodification

Identifiers

PMID36987284

DOI10.3390/polym15061504

PMCPMC10054754

OpenAlexW4327975107

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.