ArticlePharmaceutics2023
The Development of Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Efficient and Selective In Vivo Expression of mRNA in Spleen Tissue.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- A comprehensive analysis of the use of nucleoside analogues in RNA therapeutics.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- WRAP-based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery in zebrafish embryos by simple bath immersion.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- Revolutionizing mRNA Vaccines Through Innovative Formulation and Delivery Strategies.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Developing mRNA Nanomedicines with Advanced Targeting Functions.Nano-micro letters · 2025Review
- Multiarm-Assisted Design of Dendron-like Degradable Ionizable Lipids Facilitates Systemic mRNA Delivery to the Spleen.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Current landscape of mRNA technologies and delivery systems for new modality therapeutics.Journal of biomedical science · 2024Review
- mRNA vaccines in tumor targeted therapy: mechanism, clinical application, and development trends.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Leveraging high-throughput screening technologies in targeted mRNA delivery.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Human β-Defensin 23 as a Carrier for In Vitro and In Vivo Delivery of mRNA.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- mRNA nanodelivery systems: targeting strategies and administration routes.Biomaterials research · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
mRNA-based therapeutics are presently one of the nucleic acid-based therapeutics with a high potential for extraordinary success as preventive vaccines. Current applications with mRNA therapeutics rely on lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mediated delivery of nucleic acids. In order to achieve the transition from preventive to therapeutic vaccines, there is a challenge of delivering the mRNA into non-hepatic tissues, especially into lymphoid tissues such as the spleen and lymph nodes. In this work, we characterize new cell-penetrating peptides NF424 and NF436 that exhibit preferential delivery of mRNA into the spleen after a single i.v. injection, without the use of any active targeting mechanisms. We show that between the spleen, liver, and the lungs, >95% of mRNA expression arises in the spleen tissue and the majority of expression occurs in the dendritic cells. The cell-penetrating peptides NF424 and NF436 represent promising candidates for cancer immunotherapeutic applications with tumor antigens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.