Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36986762›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2023

Topical Delivery of Diacetyl Boldine in a Microemulsion Formulation for Chemoprotection against Melanoma.

Ahmed Al Saqr, Manjusha Annaji, Ishwor Poudel, Mohammed F Aldawsari, Hamad Alrbyawi, Nur Mita, Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran, Sai H S Boddu, Rabin Neupane, Amit K Tiwari and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Advancements in Melanoma Therapies: From Surgery to Immunotherapy.Current treatment options in oncology · 2024
    Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ahmed Al SaqrDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Manjusha AnnajiDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Ishwor PoudelDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1543-6785
Mohammed F AldawsariDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1298-4863
Hamad AlrbyawiDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0820-3884
Nur MitaDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6355-6888
Muralikrishnan DhanasekaranDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8986-3440
Sai H S BodduDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates.ORCID 0000-0003-2513-5879
Rabin NeupaneDepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
Amit K TiwariCenter of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates.ORCID 0000-0002-7427-7155
R Jayachandra BabuDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0337-2291

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a microemulsion formulation for topical delivery of Diacetyl Boldine (DAB) and to evaluate its cytotoxicity against melanoma cell line (B16BL6) in vitro. Using a pseudo-ternary phase diagram, the optimal microemulsion formulation region was identified, and its particle size, viscosity, pH, and in vitro release characteristics were determined. Permeation studies were performed on excised human skin using Franz diffusion cell assembly. The cytotoxicity of the formulations on B16BL6 melanoma cell lines was evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay. Two formulation compositions were selected based on the higher microemulsion area of the pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. The formulations showed a mean globule size of around 50 nm and a polydispersity index of <0.2. The ex vivo skin permeation study demonstrated that the microemulsion formulation exhibited significantly higher skin retention levels than the DAB solution in MCT oil (Control, DAB-MCT). Furthermore, the formulations showed substantially higher cytotoxicity toward B16BL6 cell lines than the control formulation (

Indexed as

diacetyl boldinemelanomamicroemulsion

Identifiers

PMID36986762
PMCPMC10054442

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.