ArticlePharmaceutics2023
Insights into the Safety and Versatility of 4D Printed Intravesical Drug Delivery Systems.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- FDM-based 4D printing of sustainable PVA-Cassava fibre composites: a programmable platform for smart gastroretentive drug delivery.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Exploring 4D Printing Technology for Biomedical Applications.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Article
- From Stents to Smart Implants Employing Biomimetic Materials: The Impact of 4D Printing on Modern Healthcare.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- 4D printing: innovative solutions and technological advances in orthopedic repair and reconstruction, personalized treatment and drug delivery.Biomedical engineering online · 2025Review
- Advancements in Polymer Biomaterials as Scaffolds for Corneal Endothelium Tissue Engineering.Polymers · 2024Review
- Promising Experimental Treatment in Animal Models and Human Studies of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- 4D Printing in Biomedical Engineering: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Review
- AFM Analysis of a Three-Point Flexure Tested, 3D Printing Definitive Restoration Material for Dentistry.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This paper focuses on recent advancements in the development of 4D printed drug delivery systems (DDSs) for the intravesical administration of drugs. By coupling the effectiveness of local treatments with major compliance and long-lasting performance, they would represent a promising innovation for the current treatment of bladder pathologies. Being based on a shape-memory pharmaceutical-grade polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), these DDSs are manufactured in a bulky shape, can be programmed to take on a collapsed one suitable for insertion into a catheter and re-expand inside the target organ, following exposure to biological fluids at body temperature, while releasing their content. The biocompatibility of prototypes made of PVAs of different molecular weight, either uncoated or coated with Eudragit
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.