ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Major Depressive Disorder and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Comorbidity Exacerbates Proinflammatory Immune Response-A Preliminary Study.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- MicroRNAs as Regulators of Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder.Depression and anxiety · 2025Review
- MOODMIND: A Pilot Feasibility Study of Artificial Intelligence for Major Depressive Disorder Screening in Tuberculosis Patients.F1000Research · 2025Article
- T Cells in Pathogenic Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Transcriptional analysis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMajor depressive disorders (MDDs) occurs frequently in patients with tuberculosis (TB). Elevated serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in MDD patients is a well-established fact. Therefore, an integrated clinical practice should be considered. However, the inflammatory status of MDD-TB patients is unknown. In this study, we analyze cytokines in activated-cells and sera from MDD-TB, TB, MDD patients, and healthy controls.
methodsFlow cytometry was used to evaluate the intracellular production of interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-12, and IL-10 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells after a polyclonal stimulation. A Bio-Plex Luminex system was used to measure serum cytokine and chemokine levels in the study groups.
resultsWe observed a 40.6% prevalence of MDD in TB patients. The proportion of IFN-gamma-producing cells was higher in MDD-TB patients than other pathological groups. Nevertheless, the percentage of TNF-alpha- and IL-12-producing cells was similar between MDD-TB and TB patients. Likewise, MDD-TB and TB patients showed similar serum pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels, which were significantly lower than those in MDD patients. By multiple correspondence analyses, we observed that low levels of serum IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 were powerfully associated with TB comorbidities with MDD.
conclusionsA high frequency of IFN-γ-producing cells is associated with low levels of serum anti-inflammatory cytokines in MDD-TB patients.
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