ArticleNutrients2023
Effectiveness of Growing-Up Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestive Comfort in Toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial in China.
Article in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beta-casein in human milk is associated with infant stool frequency: A pilot proteomics study.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Effects of an infant formula containing a whey protein concentrate on feeding tolerance and markers of intestinal immune defense in Chinese infants.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- An ARMS-integrated high-resolution melting assay for reliable discrimination of the A1/A2 polymorphism in the bovineFood chemistry. Molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Performance, Body Development, and Diarrhoea Incidence in Sannen Goat Kids Fed Milk Replacer Supplemented With Bakery Yeast.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- A2 β-casein infant formula with high sn-2 palmitate and casein phosphopeptides (CPP) supports energy and mineral absorption in Chinese infants.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Cow's milk consumption in childhood and adolescence: a Q&A expert review of current evidence.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Effect of Infant Formula Made With Milk Free of A1-Type β-Casein on Growth and Comfort: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Research on commercial milk formulas for young children: A scoping review.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- BCM-7: Opioid-like Peptide with Potential Role in Disease Mechanisms.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Health-Related Outcomes and Molecular Methods for the Characterization of A1 and A2 Cow's Milk: Review and Update.Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
- An A2 β-casein infant formula with high sn-2 palmitate and casein phosphopeptides supports adequate growth, improved stool consistency, and bone strength in healthy, term Chinese infants: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEmerging clinical evidence indicates the potential gastrointestinal (GI) benefits of milk containing only A2 β-casein, but data from randomized controlled trials is sparse among pediatric populations. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of growing-up milk (GUM) containing only A2 β-casein on GI tolerance in toddlers.
methodsA total of 387 toddlers aged 12-36 months were recruited in Beijing, China, and randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to consume one of two commercially available A2 GUMs (combined in the analysis as A2 GUM) or continue their current feeding regimen of conventional milk for 14 days. The primary outcome was the total Gut Comfort Score (GCS) (range: 10-60; higher values indicate greater GI distress) derived from a 10-item (score range: 1-6 per item) parent-reported questionnaire, reflecting GI tolerance.
resultsThe GCS (mean ± SD) was comparable between the A2 GUM and conventional milk groups on day 7 (14.7 ± 5.0 vs. 15.0 ± 6.1,
conclusionsGrowing-up milk containing only A2 β-casein were well-tolerated and associated with lower parent-reported constipation scores after two weeks when compared to conventional milks. In healthy toddlers with minor GI distress, A2 GUM improved overall digestive comfort and GI-related symptoms within one week.
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Registered trials
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