ReviewMicroorganisms2023
Interactions between Gender and Sepsis-Implications for the Future.
Review in Microorganisms, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Female Sex and Mortality in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Exploring the mechanism of polymorphonuclear neutrophils against sepsis based on immune model.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Pharmacist-coordinated IDST treatment bundle achievement and impact on mortality in MRSA bacteraemia: a single-centre retrospective cohort study.Infection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes Among Patients Clinically Managed for Suspected Bacterial Infection in the Emergency Department.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in Liver Regeneration After Partial Hepatectomy: New Evidence From Animal and Human Studies.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- Beyond Early Initiation: Predictors of Successful Early Enteral Nutrition Advancement in Critically Ill Patients.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Trends in mortality from cancer and sepsis in the United States, 1999 to 2023: An analysis of CDC WONDER data.Medicine · 2026Article
- Platelet glycoprotein VI modulates leukocyte characteristics in sepsis-induced systemic inflammatory response in male mice.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Age- and Sex-Related Outcomes in Patients with Sepsis or Septic Shock: A Prospective Monocentric Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- The problem with one-size-fits-all medicine: Biological sex and the aging immune system.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Sepsis in the Emergency Department: Different Faces, Same Fate? A Sex-Based Prognostic Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Adipose-derived regenerative cell therapy mitigates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy through the induction of cardiac reparative lymphangiogenesis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Optimization of Preclinical Rodent Research Models of Human Shock: Part One Intra-Abdominal Sepsis.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Review
- Thromboxane receptor activation in dendritic cells mitigates sepsis by suppressing S100a8/a9-mediated neutrophil recruitment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Validation of CRownLab Pneumoplex for the Detection ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2026Article
- Testosterone and androgen receptor pathway modulation in sepsis: immunometabolic mechanisms and therapeutic implications - a scoping review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Nationwide trends and disparities in deaths following cardiogenic shock and sepsis in the United States (1999-2023): insights from the CDC WONDER database.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Dimethyl fumarate attenuates liver injury in a mouse model of cecal ligation and puncture by modulating inflammatory, angiogenic and pyroptotic pathways.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sex and gender dimorphisms are found in a large variety of diseases, including sepsis and septic shock which are more prevalent in men than in women. Animal models show that the host response to pathogens differs in females and males. This difference is partially explained by sex polarization of the intracellular pathways responding to pathogen-cell receptor interactions. Sex hormones seem to be responsible for this polarization, although other factors, such as chromosomal effects, have yet to be investigated. In brief, females are less susceptible to sepsis and seem to recover more effectively than males. Clinical observations produce more nuanced findings, but men consistently have a higher incidence of sepsis, and some reports also claim higher mortality rates. However, variables other than hormonal differences complicate the interaction between sex and sepsis, including comorbidities as well as social and cultural differences between men and women. Conflicting data have also been reported regarding sepsis-attributable mortality rates among pregnant women, compared with non-pregnant females. We believe that unraveling sex differences in the host response to sepsis and its treatment could be the first step in personalized, phenotype-based management of patients with sepsis and septic shock.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.