ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Clinically Relevant Properties of 3D Printable Materials for Intraoral Use in Orthodontics: A Critical Review of the Literature.
Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Flexural Stiffness and Force Retention of Six 3D-Printed Thermoplastics for Orthodontic Appliances: An In Vitro Screening Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Shear bond strength of laser-sintered orthodontic appliances bonded to enamel using various bonding protocols: an in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Review
- Debonding characteristics of innovative 3D-printed lingual retainers following artificial aging and acid challenge.Dental press journal of orthodontics · 2026Article
- Evaluating chemical and surface stability of thermoformed and 3D-printed clear aligners after intraoral exposure.PloS one · 2026Article
- Effect of print orientation of 3D-printed aligner templates on the volumetric accuracy of transferred composite attachments: an in vitro study.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Biocompatibility and Safety of 3D Printing Resins for Orthodontic Aligners: A Critical Review of Current Evidence.Polymers · 2025Review
- A 3D-Printed Crown Integrated with 3D-Printed Orthodontic Brackets: A Novel One-Unit Printing Technique.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Redefining Digital Dentistry: Multidisciplinary Applications of 3D Printing for Personalized Dental Care.Cureus · 2025Review
- Static and dynamic mechanical properties of 3D-printed clear resin with embedded orthodontic metal wire.Progress in orthodontics · 2025Article
- Conventional vs. 3D printed band and loop space maintainers: a fracture strength analysis.3D printing in medicine · 2025Article
- Influence of Printing Orientation on Surface Roughness and Gloss of 3D Printed Resins for Orthodontic Devices.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A fully digital workflow for the design and manufacture of a class of metal orthodontic appliances.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Functional Biomaterials and Digital Technologies in Dentistry: From Bench to Bedside.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2024Article
- 3D Printed Materials for Permanent Restorations in Indirect Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry: A Critical Review of the Literature.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Design, Stereolithographic 3D Printing, and Characterization of TPMS Scaffolds.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Advancements in Clear Aligner Fabrication: A Comprehensive Review of Direct-3D Printing Technologies.Polymers · 2024Review
- Biocompatibility of 3D-printed vs. thermoformed and heat-cured intraoral appliances.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Influence of Post-Processing on the Degree of Conversion and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Polyurethane Aligners.Polymers · 2023Article
- Perceptions of orthodontic residents toward the implementation of dental technologies in postgraduate curriculum.BMC oral health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The review aimed at analyzing the evidence available on 3D printable materials and techniques used for the fabrication of orthodontic appliances, focusing on materials properties that are clinically relevant. MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Starting from an initial retrieval of 669 citations, 47 articles were finally included in the qualitative review. Several articles presented proof-of-concept clinical cases describing the digital workflow to manufacture a variety of appliances. Clinical studies other than these case reports are not available. The fabrication of aligners is the most investigated application of 3D printing in orthodontics, and, among materials, Dental LT Clear Resin (Formlabs) has been tested in several studies, although Tera Harz TC-85 (Graphy) is currently the only material specifically marketed for direct printing of aligners. Tests of the mechanical properties of aligners materials lacked homogeneity in the protocols, while biocompatibility tests failed to assess the influence of intraoral conditions on eluents release. The aesthetic properties of 3D-printed appliances are largely unexplored. The evidence on 3D-printed metallic appliances is also limited. The scientific evidence on 3D printable orthodontic materials and techniques should be strengthened by defining international standards for laboratory testing and by starting the necessary clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.