ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Extracellular Vesicles of COVID-19 Patients Reflect Inflammation, Thrombogenicity, and Disease Severity.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis: diagnostic accuracy of exosomes in pancreatic cancer.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Human brain matters: Navigating the neuropathology of COVID-19.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles as Molecular Regulators of Viral Infection: Implications for COVID-19 and Future Viral Pandemics.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles as key biomarkers in COVID-19: insights into disease severity and mortality through CD86 and other immune markers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Small extracellular vesicles proteome reveals persistent inflammatory and coagulopathic dysregulation in long-COVID.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles in pulmonary diseases: roles and therapeutic potential.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Review
- Prediction of COVID-19 disease progression by multiparametric analysis of circulating extracellular vesicles with flow cytometry.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Dual role and clinical application of extracellular vesicles in acute respiratory distress syndrome: Mechanism analysis and translational challenges.World journal of stem cells · 2025Review
- Functionalized screen-printed electrodes for non-invasive detection of vascular-endothelial cadherin in extracellular vesicles.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Elevated Type 2 Inflammatory Factors, Th2/Th1 Balanced Status, and Exosomes as a Marker of Severity in Chronic Actinic Dermatitis.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- Circulating extracellular vesicles from severe COVID-19 patients induce lung inflammation.mSphere · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Enclosed Oxidative Stress- and Inflammation-Related microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Vitamin D Responsivity: A Pilot Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients with or without COVID-19.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Integrated analysis of RNA-seq datasets reveals novel targets and regulators of COVID-19 severity.Life science alliance · 2024Article
- Flow cytometry for extracellular vesicle characterization in COVID-19 and post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2024Review
- Venous thromboembolism and severe COVID-19: a Mendelian randomization trial and transcriptomic analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potential of Cell-Free DNA with a Special Focus on COVID-19 and Other Viral Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Sepsis: Pathogenic Roles, Organ Damage, and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of medical sciences · 2023Review
- Characterization of extracellular vesicles in COVID-19 infection during pregnancy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe COVID-19 infections present with cytokine storms, hypercoagulation, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, with extracellular vesicles (EVs) being involved in coagulation and inflammation. This study aimed to determine whether coagulation profiles and EVs reflect COVID-19 disease severity. Thirty-six patients with symptomatic COVID-19 infection with mild/moderate/severe disease (12 in each group) were analyzed. Sixteen healthy individuals served as controls. Coagulation profiles and EV characteristics were tested by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), flow cytometry, and Western blot. While coagulation factors VII, V, VIII, and vWF were comparable, significant differences were found in patients' D-Dimer/fibrinogen/free protein S levels compared to controls. Severe patients' EVs displayed higher percentages of small EVs (<150 nm) with increased expression of exosome marker CD63. Severe patients' EVs displayed high levels of platelet markers (CD41) and coagulation factors (tissue factor activity, endothelial protein C receptor). EVs of patients with moderate/severe disease expressed significantly higher levels of immune cell markers (CD4/CD8/CD14) and contained higher levels of IL-6. We demonstrated that EVs, but not the coagulation profile, may serve as biomarkers for COVID-19 severity. EVs demonstrated elevated levels of immune- and vascular-related markers in patients with moderate/severe disease, and may play a role in disease pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.