ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Limonene, a Monoterpene, Mitigates Rotenone-Induced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration by Modulating Neuroinflammation, Hippo Signaling and Apoptosis in Rats.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroprotective effects of dapansutrile in rotenone-induced parkinsonism: targeting NLRP3/caspase-1, NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, and PINK1/Parkin pathways.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective Effects of Distilled Extract ofNutrients · 2026Article
- Integrated WGCNA and Network Pharmacology Explore the Potential Mechanisms of D-Limonene in Alleviating Traumatic Brain Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Behavioral, Biochemical, andPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nutrients and bioactive compounds as modifiers of neurodegenerative trajectories: molecular mechanisms, translational barriers, and precision nutrition.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Evaluation ofMetabolites · 2025Article
- Sweet orange essential oil and (+)-limonene prevent oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, and apoptosis in differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma/BV-2 microglia co-culture neurodegeneration models.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Article
- Bornyl Acetate and Menthol Provide Neuroprotection Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Alzheimer's Disease-Like Condition in C57BL/6 Mice by Downregulating NARC-1 Lipid Antagonist.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Applications of Limonene in Neoplasms and Non-Neoplastic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Kumquat Fruit Administration Counteracts Dysmetabolism-Related Neurodegeneration and the Associated Brain Insulin Resistance in the High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Plant-Derived Monoterpene Therapies in Parkinson's Disease Models: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- GC-MS-based metabolic profiling of essential oils fromFrontiers in chemistry · 2025Article
- Brain-Region-Specific Differences in Protein Citrullination/Deimination in a Pre-Motor Parkinson's Disease Rat Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Unveiling Lobophytum sp. the neuroprotective potential of Parkinson's disease through multifaceted mechanisms, supported by metabolomic analysis and network pharmacology.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Linalool and Geraniol Defend Neurons from Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Iron Accumulation in In Vitro Parkinson's Models.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Plant Monoterpenes and Essential Oils as Potential Anti-Ageing Agents: Insights from Preclinical Data.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Management of the Brain: Essential Oils as Promising Neuroinflammation Modulator in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Essential Oil Molecules Can Break the Loop of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Biology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Rotenone (ROT) is a naturally derived pesticide and a well-known environmental neurotoxin associated with induction of Parkinson's disease (PD). Limonene (LMN), a naturally occurring monoterpene, is found ubiquitously in citrus fruits and peels. There is enormous interest in finding novel therapeutic agents that can cure or halt the progressive degeneration in PD; therefore, the main aim of this study is to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of LMN employing a rodent model of PD measuring parameters of oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and apoptosis to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. PD in experimental rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ROT (2.5 mg/kg) five days a week for a total of 28 days. The rats were treated with LMN (50 mg/kg, orally) along with intraperitoneal injection of ROT (2.5 mg/kg) for the same duration as in ROT-administered rats. ROT injections induced a significant loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and DA striatal fibers following activation of glial cells (astrocytes and microglia). ROT treatment enhanced oxidative stress, altered NF-κB/MAPK signaling and motor dysfunction, and enhanced the levels/expressions of inflammatory mediators and proinflammatory cytokines in the brain. There was a concomitant mitochondrial dysfunction followed by the activation of the Hippo signaling and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis as well as altered mTOR signaling in the brain of ROT-injected rats. Oral treatment with LMN corrected the majority of the biochemical, pathological, and molecular parameters altered following ROT injections. Our study findings demonstrate the efficacy of LMN in providing protection against ROT-induced neurodegeneration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.