Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36978843›Full record

ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Swietenine Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Diabetic Mice via Lipogenesis Inhibition and Antioxidant Mechanisms.

Kit-Kay Mak, Shiming Zhang, Jestin Chellian, Zulkefeli Mohd, Ola Epemolu, Albena T Dinkova-Kostova, Madhu Katyayani Balijepalli, Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika

Open access · goldFull text read
In one paragraph

Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  4. Ethanol extract ofIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2025
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  6. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Kit-Kay MakSchool of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-6939-5280
Shiming ZhangPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Jestin ChellianDepartment of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Zulkefeli MohdPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-9852-7238
Ola EpemoluPrincipal Research Scientist-In Vitro/In Vivo DMPK, Charles River Laboratories Edinburgh Ltd., Tranent, East Lothian EH33 2NE, Scotland, UK.
Albena T Dinkova-KostovaDivision of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0316-9859
Madhu Katyayani BalijepalliDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience & Nursing, MAHSA University, Jln SP 2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia.
Mallikarjuna Rao PichikaPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
IMU University · MYCharles River Laboratories (United Kingdom) · GBJohns Hopkins University · USMahsa University · MY

Funding

International Medical University, Malaysia PMHS I-2018 (02); IMUR422/2018Ministry of Higher Education FRGS/1/2014/STWN10/IMU/02/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Our previous studies have reported the effect of swietenine (a major bioactive component of Swietenia macrophylla seeds) in reversing and potentiating the effect of metformin in hyperglycemia and hyperlipidaemia in diabetic rats. Moreover, we reported that the anti-inflammatory effect of swietenine is mediated via the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). This study evaluated the effect of swietenine and its mechanisms in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The effect was assessed by determining blood biochemical parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine transaminase (ALT), asparate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) and liver biochemical parameters (liver index, cholesterol, and triglycerides). Hepatic lipid accumulation (initial causative factor in NAFLD) was determined by oil-O-red staining. Gene expression (qPCR) and immunohistochemical studies were performed to elucidate the mechanism of swietenine's effect in NAFLD. The critical regulators (genes and proteins) involved in lipogenesis (ACLY, ACC1, FASN, SREBP1c, and ChREBPβ) and oxidative stress (Nrf2, NQO-1 and HO-1) pathways were determined. In mice fed with a high-fat diet followed by streptozotocin injection, the liver cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipids were elevated. These increases were reversed by the oral administration of swietenine, 80 mg/kg body weight, on alternate days for eight weeks. Gene expression and immunohistochemical studies showed that swietenine reversed the elevated levels of crucial enzymes of lipogenesis (ACLY, ACC1 and FASN) and their master transcription factors (SREBP1c and ChREBPβ). Furthermore, swietenine activated the Nrf2 antioxidant defense mechanism, as evidenced by the upregulated levels of Nrf2, NQO-1, and HO-1. It is concluded that swietenine shows beneficial effects in diabetes-induced NAFLD via inhibiting lipogenesis and activating the Nrf2 pathway.

Indexed as

diabeteslipogenesisNAFLDNRF2oxidative stressswietenia macrophyllaswietenine

Identifiers

PMID36978843
PMCPMC10044919
OpenAlexW4322630783

What OpenQuestion holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
measurements read50
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.