ArticleBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Intracycle Velocity Variation in Swimming: A Systematic Scoping Review.
Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Intra-Cyclic Variation of Velocity in Swimming: Association and Consistency Between the Most-Used Measurements.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Effects of Boat Class and Size on Intracycle Velocity Variation During 2000 m Competitive Rowing: A GPS- and Accelerometry-Based Assessment.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Upper-Body Pitch Control Differentiates Sprint Butterfly Performance in Youth Swimmers: An IMU-Based Analysis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sex differences in three-dimensional intra-cycle velocity fluctuation and performance during freestyle swimming among high-level swimmers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Distinctive Regulation Profiles of Stroke Mechanics Underlie Pacing and Discriminate 400 m Front-Crawl Performance.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2025Article
- Intracycle Velocity Variation During a Single-Sculling 2000 m Rowing Competition.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Associations Between the Swimming Speed, Anthropometrics, Kinematics, and Kinetics in the Butterfly Stroke.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Accelerometric assessment of fatigue-induced changes in swimming technique in high performance adolescent athletes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Swimming Velocity Analysis Using Wearable Inertial Sensors and Speedometer: A Comparative Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Insights on the Selection of the Coefficient of Variation to Assess Speed Fluctuation in Swimming.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
- Advances in Biomechanics-Based Motion Analysis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Associations between load-velocity profiling and race parameters of elite swimmers in the 100 and 200m freestyle events.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Intracycle velocity variation is a swimming relevant research topic, focusing on understanding the interaction between hydrodynamic propulsive and drag forces. We have performed a systematic scoping review to map the main concepts, sources and types of evidence accomplished. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, as well as the Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming Symposia Proceedings Book, with manual searches, snowballing citation tracking, and external experts consultation. The eligibility criteria included competitive swimmers' intracycle velocity variation assessment of any sex, distance, pace, swimming technique and protocol. Studies' characteristics were summarized and expressed in an evidence gap map, and the risk of bias was judged using RoBANS. A total of 76 studies, corresponding to 68 trials involving 1440 swimmers (55.2 and 34.1% males and females), were included, with only 20 (29.4%) presenting an overall low risk of bias. The front crawl was the most studied swimming technique and intracycle velocity variation was assessed and quantified in several ways, leading to extremely divergent results. Researchers related intracycle velocity variation to coordination, energy cost, fatigue, technical proficiency, velocity, swimming techniques variants and force. Future studies should focus on studying backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly at high intensities, in young, youth and world-class swimmers, as well as in IVV quantification.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.