Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36978480›Full record

ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Antimicrobial Resistant Pathogens Detected in Raw Pork and Poultry Meat in Retailing Outlets in Kenya.

Patrick Muinde, John Maina, Kelvin Momanyi, Victor Yamo, John Mwaniki, John Kiiru

Full text read
In one paragraph

Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. New microbes and new infections · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Prevalence and characterization ofOpen veterinary journal · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Patrick MuindeWorld Animal Protection, Westside Towers, 9th Floor, Suite 901, Along Lower Kabete Road, Westlands, P.O. Box 66580, Nairobi 00800, Kenya.ORCID 0000-0003-3907-7710
John MainaCenter for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54840, Nairobi 00200, Kenya.
Kelvin MomanyiWorld Animal Protection, Westside Towers, 9th Floor, Suite 901, Along Lower Kabete Road, Westlands, P.O. Box 66580, Nairobi 00800, Kenya.
Victor YamoWorld Animal Protection, Westside Towers, 9th Floor, Suite 901, Along Lower Kabete Road, Westlands, P.O. Box 66580, Nairobi 00800, Kenya.
John MwanikiCenter for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54840, Nairobi 00200, Kenya.
John KiiruCenter for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54840, Nairobi 00200, Kenya.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is increasing proof of bacterial resistance to antibiotics all over the world, and this puts the effectiveness of antimicrobials that have been essential in decreasing disease mortality and morbidity at stake. The WHO has labeled some classes of antimicrobials as vitally important to human health. Bacteria from animals are thought to be reservoirs of resistance genes that can be transferred to humans through the food chain. This study aimed to identify the resistance patterns of bacteria from pork and poultry meat samples purchased from leading retail outlets in Kenya. Of the 393 samples collected, 98.4% of pork and 96.6% of poultry were contaminated with high levels of bacteria. Among the 611 bacterial isolates recovered, 38.5% were multi-drug resistant. This resistance was noted for critically essential antimicrobials (according to the WHO) such as rifampicin (96%), ampicillin (35%), cefotaxime (9%), cefepime (6%), and ciprofloxacin (6%). Moreover, there was high resistance to key antimicrobials for veterinary medicine such as tetracycline (39%), sulfamethoxazole (33%), and trimethoprim (30%). It is essential to spread awareness about the judicious use of antibiotics and take preventive measures to reduce disease burden.

Indexed as

antibiotic resistanceantibioticsbacteriaisolatesmeat

Identifiers

PMID36978480
PMCPMC10044985

What OpenQuestion holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
reference markers read3
measurements read130
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.