ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2023
The Interaction of Two Widely Used Endodontic Irrigants, Chlorhexidine and Sodium Hypochlorite, and Its Impact on the Disinfection Protocol during Root Canal Treatment.
Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibacterial effect of chamomile extract irrigant activated with diode laser against Enterococcus faecalis.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Polymeric and Metal Ultrasonic Tips for the Removal of Calcium Hydroxide From Root Canals.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Effects of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine on microhardness and solubility of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioceramic putty.Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Unfilled MB2 Canals and Their Association with Apical Periodontitis: A CBCT-Based Cross-Sectional Study in a German Population.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antibiotic approaches to endodontic regeneration.Biomaterial investigations in dentistry · 2026Review
- Comparative Effectiveness of Triphala and Conventional Root Canal Irrigants in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects of Endodontic Irrigants Containing Disodium Edetate and Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Octenidine Dihydrochloride, and Benzalkonium Bromide Against IntracanalJournal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Influence of Ultrasonic Activation of Endodontic Irrigants on Microbial Reduction and Postoperative Pain: A Scoping Review of In Vivo Studies.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- Cytotoxic Effects of Synthetic and Herbal Endodontic Irrigants on Human Red Blood Cells: An In Vitro Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Root canal irrigants and their role in the adhesion of pre-endodontic restorations.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Do irrigation solutions effect bond strength of composite resin to deep margin elevation material? An in-vitro study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- In vitro spectroscopic analysis of the chemical interaction between calcium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine.Odontology · 2025Article
- Quality of Single-Cone Obturation Using Different Sizes of Matching Gutta-Percha Points of Two Reciprocating Single-File Systems in Curved and Straight Root Canals.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Microbiological and toxicity analyses of the synthetic polymer polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride against endodontic microorganisms.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Novel approaches on root canal disinfection methods againstJournal of oral microbiology · 2025Review
- Comparative evaluation of root canal irrigants againstBioinformation · 2025Article
- Current Endodontic Practices among Romanian Dental Practitioners: A Cross-Sectional Study.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Evaluation of postoperative pain in endodontic retreatment with apical periodontitis using ozonated 2% chlorhexidine and 0.1% octenidine application: A randomized clinical trial.Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2024Article
- Sonic-assisted antibacterial photodynamic therapy: a strategy for enhancing lateral canal disinfection.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Filling Material Bond Strength to Dentin Is Positively Influenced by the Agitation of Endodontic Final Irrigating Solutions.Iranian endodontic journal · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine digluconate have been the gold standard of irrigation solutions utilized within the disinfection protocol during root canal treatments. Nowadays, it is known that, during chemical disinfection of the root canal, consecutive application of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine digluconate leads to the formation of an orange-brown precipitate. This precipitate is described as being chemically similar to para-chloroaniline, which is suspected to have cytotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Concerns also exist regarding its influence on the leakage of root canal fillings, coronal restorations, and tooth discoloration. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the interaction of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine digluconate on the tooth and its surrounding tissues, and to discuss the effect of the precipitate formed during root canal treatment. We further address options to avoid the formation of the precipitate and describe alternative irrigation solutions that should not interact with sodium hypochlorite or chlorhexidine digluconate.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.