ReviewNPJ vaccines2023
Progress towards a glycoconjugate vaccine against Group A Streptococcus.
Review in NPJ vaccines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perspective Approaches to "Trojan Horse" Strategy Development for Combating Bacterial Pathogens.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Biosynthesis and Immunological Evaluation of a Dual-Antigen Nanoconjugate Vaccine Targeting Group A Streptococcus.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Group A Streptococcal Virulence Factors and Vaccine Development-An Update.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- The "Cairo Accord"- towards the eradication of RHD: revisited (2026).Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- No compelling evidence that vaccination with streptococcus pyogenes group A carbohydrate elicits cross-reactive rheumatic fever autoantibodies.NPJ vaccines · 2025Review
- Early-life serological profiles and the development of natural protective humoral immunity to Streptococcus pyogenes in a high-burden setting.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Rhamnose polysaccharide-decorated outer membrane vesicles as a vaccine candidate targeting Group A Streptococcus fromVaccine: X · 2025Article
- Invasive group A Streptococcus infection (Streptococcus pyogenes): Current situation in Spain.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2024Article
- Strep A: challenges, opportunities, vaccine-based solutions, and economics.NPJ vaccines · 2024Review
- Immunomodulating Enzymes fromMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Review
- Research opportunities for the primordial prevention of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease-streptococcal vaccine development: a national heart, lung and blood institute workshop report.BMJ global health · 2023Review
- Review
- Update on the development of Group A Streptococcus vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The Group A Carbohydrate (GAC) is a defining feature of Group A Streptococcus (Strep A) or Streptococcus pyogenes. It is a conserved and simple polysaccharide, comprising a rhamnose backbone and GlcNAc side chains, further decorated with glycerol phosphate on approximately 40% GlcNAc residues. Its conservation, surface exposure and antigenicity have made it an interesting focus on Strep A vaccine design. Glycoconjugates containing this conserved carbohydrate should be a key approach towards the successful mission to build a universal Strep A vaccine candidate. In this review, a brief introduction to GAC, the main carbohydrate component of Strep A bacteria, and a variety of published carrier proteins and conjugation technologies are discussed. Components and technologies should be chosen carefully for building affordable Strep A vaccine candidates, particularly for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Towards this, novel technologies are discussed, such as the prospective use of bioconjugation with PglB for rhamnose polymer conjugation and generalised modules for membrane antigens (GMMA), particularly as low-cost solutions to vaccine production. Rational design of "double-hit" conjugates encompassing species specific glycan and protein components would be beneficial and production of a conserved vaccine to target Strep A colonisation without invoking an autoimmune response would be ideal.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.