ArticleEuropean journal of dentistry2024
Impact of Smoking on the Healing of Apical Periodontitis after Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment.
Article in European journal of dentistry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The relationship of apical periodontitis with chronic diseases and smoking habits: an umbrella review.Odontology · 2026Review
- Radiographic Healing Outcomes of Apical Periodontitis Following Endodontic Therapy: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study in a Romanian Cohort.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Synergistic effect of secondhand smoke and apical periodontitis on lung tissue damage in rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A 980 nm Diode Laser as an Adjunctive Therapy on the Healing of Apical Periodontitis Following Endodontic Retreatment: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this prospective study was to compare the healing of periapical bone between smokers and nonsmokers after root canal therapy. The effects of duration and intensity of smoking on the healing rate of apical periodontitis were analyzed. MATERIALS AND
methodsFifty-five smokers were included in this study. The control group consisted of healthy nonsmokers who matched the smoker group in age and sex. Only teeth with a favorable periodontal prognosis and adequate coronal restoration were included in the study. The periapical status of treated teeth was assessed using the periapical index system at follow-ups after 6 and 12 months. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The chi-squared test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to assess the changes in periapical index score at baseline and in subsequent time intervals between the two groups examining dichotomized and ordinal data, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test the association of independent variables age, gender, tooth type, arch type, and smoking index with the outcome variable. The outcome variable was set as the presence versus absence of apical periodontitis.
resultsThe analysis at 12-month follow-up revealed a significantly higher healing rate in control group than in smokers (90.9 vs. 58.2; χ2 = 13.846;
conclusionThe results from this study show a lower rate of apical periodontitis healing in a group of smokers at 1-year follow-up. Delayed periapical healing seems to be associated with the cigarette smoking exposure.
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