Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36977194›Full record

Trial reportBrain and behavior2023

Effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over M1 for consciousness recovery after traumatic brain injury.

Longbin Shen, Yixuan Huang, Yujun Liao, Xiaona Yin, Yulin Huang, Jianlin Ou, Hui Ouyang, Zhuoming Chen, Jinyi Long

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Brain and behavior, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. [Application and perspective of novel auditory intervention paradigms based on verbal and nonverbal stimuli for severe traumatic brain injury].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Longbin ShenDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4023-1519
Yixuan HuangGraduate School, Gimcheon University, Gimcheon, South Korea.
Yujun LiaoDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Xiaona YinDepartment of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Longhua Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Yulin HuangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Jianlin OuDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Hui OuyangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Zhuoming ChenDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Jinyi LongCollege of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University · CNGimcheon University · KRJinan University · CNSecond Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University · CNShenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe brain area stimulated during repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment is important in altered states of consciousness. However, the functional contribution of the M1 region during the treatment of high-frequency rTMS remains unclear.

objectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the clinical [the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and the coma recovery scale-revised (CRS-R)] and neurophysiological (EEG reactivity and SSEP) responses in vegetative state (VS) patients following traumatic brain injury (TBI) before and after a protocol of high-frequency rTMS over the M1 region.

methodsNinety-nine patients in a VS following TBI were recruited so that their clinical and neurophysiological responses could be evaluated in this study. These patients were randomly allocated into three experimental groups: rTMS over the M1 region (test group; n = 33), rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (control group; n = 33) and placebo rTMS over the M1 region (placebo group; n = 33). Each rTMS treatment lasted 20 min and was carried out once a day. The duration of this protocol was a month with 20 treatments (5 times per week) occurring with that time.

resultsWe found that the clinical and neurophysiological responses improved after treatment in the test, control, and placebo groups; the improvement was highest in the test group compared to that in the control and placebo groups.

conclusionsOur results demonstrate an effective method of high-frequency rTMS over the M1 region for consciousness recovery after severe brain injury.

Indexed as

Brain Injuries, TraumaticTranscranial Magnetic StimulationBrainConsciousnessHumansPersistent Vegetative StatePrefrontal CortexTreatment Outcomedisorders of consciousnessM1neuroregulationrTMS

Identifiers

PMID36977194
PMCPMC10176007
OpenAlexW4361221271

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.