ArticleJCI insight2023
Lipoproteins act as vehicles for lipid antigen delivery and activation of invariant natural killer T cells.
Article in JCI insight, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of lipoprotein sulfatides in MASLD fibrosis transition: A new frontier in hepatic immunomodulation.Metabolism open · 2025Article
- Peripheral blood iNKT cells display an activated profile with both increased apoptosis and dysfunction in obesity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Contribution of NKT cells and CD1d-expressing cells in obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Cholesterol Metabolism in Pancreatic Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells act at the interface between lipid metabolism and immunity because of their restriction to lipid antigens presented on CD1d by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). How foreign lipid antigens are delivered to APCs remains elusive. Since lipoproteins routinely bind glycosylceramides structurally similar to lipid antigens, we hypothesized that circulating lipoproteins form complexes with foreign lipid antigens. In this study, we used 2-color fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to show, for the first time to our knowledge, stable complex formation of lipid antigens α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer), isoglobotrihexosylceramide, and OCH, a sphingosine-truncated analog of αGalCer, with VLDL and/or LDL in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate LDL receptor-mediated (LDLR-mediated) uptake of lipoprotein-αGalCer complexes by APCs, leading to potent complex-mediated activation of iNKT cells in vitro and in vivo. Finally, LDLR-mutant PBMCs of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia showed impaired activation and proliferation of iNKT cells upon stimulation, underscoring the relevance of lipoproteins as a lipid antigen delivery system in humans. Taken together, circulating lipoproteins form complexes with lipid antigens to facilitate their transport and uptake by APCs, leading to enhanced iNKT cell activation. This study thereby reveals a potentially novel mechanism of lipid antigen delivery to APCs and provides further insight into the immunological capacities of circulating lipoproteins.
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Registered trials
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