Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36975636›Full record

ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Development of Tofacitinib Loaded pH-Responsive Chitosan/Mucin Based Hydrogel Microparticles: In-Vitro Characterization and Toxicological Screening.

Rania T Malatani, Sana Bilal, Asif Mahmood, Rai Muhammad Sarfraz, Nadiah Zafar, Hira Ijaz, Umaira Rehman, Shehla Akbar, Hala M Alkhalidi, Heba A Gad

Full text read
In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Colon-targeted pH-responsive tofacitinib beads improve ulcerative colitis outcomes with lower systemic exposure.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rania T MalataniDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-0208-1612
Sana BilalFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Asif MahmoodFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-4468-1069
Rai Muhammad SarfrazCollege of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-3121-651X
Nadiah ZafarDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar, PuncakAlam 42300, Malaysia.
Hira IjazDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Khanpur Road, Haripur 22620, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-2694-1621
Umaira RehmanCollege of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan.
Shehla AkbarDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0001-6771-8525
Hala M AlkhalidiDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Heba A GadDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-6465-3102

Funding

The Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia funded this project (G-31-249-1440).
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tofacitinib is an antirheumatic drug characterized by a short half-life and poor permeability, which necessitates the development of sustained release formulation with enhanced permeability potential. To achieve this goal, the free radical polymerization technique was employed to develop mucin/chitosan copolymer methacrylic acid (MU-CHI-Co-Poly (MAA))-based hydrogel microparticles. The developed hydrogel microparticles were characterized for EDX, FTIR, DSC, TGA, X-ray diffraction, SEM, drug loading; equilibrium swelling (%), in vitro drug release, sol-gel (%) studies, size and zeta potential, permeation, anti-arthritic activities, and acute oral toxicity studies. FTIR studies revealed the incorporation of the ingredients into the polymeric network, while EDX studies depicted the successful loading of tofacitinib into the network. The thermal analysis confirmed the heat stability of the system. SEM analysis displayed the porous structure of the hydrogels. Gel fraction showed an increasing tendency (74-98%) upon increasing the concentrations of the formulation ingredients. Formulations coated with Eudragit (2%

Indexed as

arthritischitosanmucinpermeationtofacitinib

Identifiers

PMID36975636
PMCPMC10048094

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Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
reference markers read16
measurements read181
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.