ReviewCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.)2023
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Associated Thrombosis: Incidence, Risk Factors and Management.
Review in Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- A rare spinal cord infarction caused by aortic mural thrombosis in a patient with cancer and the associated diagnostic challenges due to it mimicking spinal cord compression: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Current Knowledge of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Thrombocytopenia: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Management.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Thrombotic complications in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective study of incidence, risk factors, and survival outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Bidirectional regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of tumor hypercoagulable state and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Oncology reviews · 2026Review
- Risk factor analysis and prediction of lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis after surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Severe probable immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis after thoracic radiotherapy complicated by acute pulmonary embolism in lung squamous cell carcinoma: a case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Anticoagulant therapy in patients with cancer and thrombocytopenia.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2025Review
- Coagulation proteases modulate nucleic acid uptake and cGAS-STING-IFN induction in the tumor microenvironment.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Venous Thromboembolic Events in Cancer Immunotherapy: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy-associated hemostatic abnormalities: bleeding and thrombotic complications.Annals of hematology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Emerging Association Between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Thrombosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Longitudinal dynamics of hemostatic biomarkers in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors vs chemotherapy: results from the Vienna CAT-BLED study.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2025Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated thrombosis in patients with head and neck cancer: a study of the Spanish society of medical oncology (SEOM) thrombosis and cancer group.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- The Rise and Fall of C-Reactive Protein: Can it Predict Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Venous Thromboembolism?JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
- Early Change in C-Reactive Protein and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
- Venous thromboembolism is associated with increased all-cause mortality in ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Interdependence of coagulation with immunotherapy and BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy: results from a prospective study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Cancer Therapy and Exercise Intolerance: The Heart Is But a Part:JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Review
- Article
- Interaction between NSCLC Cells, CD8Cells · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) target programmed cell death (PD) 1 receptor and its ligand PD-L1, and have become an integral part of treatment regimens in many cancers including lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and more. Cancer is associated with a significantly increased risk of venous thromboembolism compared to non-cancer patients, and the risks increase further with anticancer therapies including ICIs. Cancer-associated thrombosis can lead to hospitalizations, delayed cancer treatment, and mortality. While thrombosis was not reported as a major complication in initial clinical trials leading to the approval of ICIs, emerging evidence from post-marketing studies revealed concerning risks of thrombosis in patients receiving ICIs. However, results remained heterogenous given differences in study designs and populations. Recent studies also showed that C-reactive protein dynamics might be an easily accessible biomarker for thrombosis and disease response in this population. In addition, early findings indicated that a commonly used anticoagulant for cancer-associated thrombosis, factor Xa inhibitors, might have potential synergistic antitumor effects when combined with ICIs. Herein we will review the current literature on the incidence, risk factors, and management of thrombosis in patients with cancer receiving ICIs. We aim to provide valuable information for clinicians in managing these patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.