ReviewEndocrine reviews2023
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis: From Pathophysiology to Management.
Review in Endocrine reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Demographic, perioperative, biochemical and illness-severity predictors of thirst in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Internal medicine journal · 2026Pooled it
- Serum Copeptin Rises After Tolvaptan for Hyponatraemia, but Does Not Predict Risk of Rapid Sodium Rise: Pre-Specified Secondary Analysis of the TVFR Trial.Clinical endocrinology · 2026Trial
- Hyponatremia correction is associated with increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels: A pilot secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Trial
- Tolvaptan vs Fluid Restriction in Moderate-Profound Hyponatremia: An Open-Label Randomized Clinical Trial.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Trial
- A post-operative fluid restriction protocol reduces the incidence of delayed hyponatremia following trans-sphenoidal pituitary surgery.Endocrine · 2026Article
- Managing hyponatremia: fast or slow? Why, when, how, and controversies.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis and Symptomatic Hyponatremia After Onyx Embolization of a Carotid-Cavernous Fistula: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Hyponatremia as the Initial Presentation of Rathke's Cleft Cyst-Related Hypopituitarism.Cureus · 2026Article
- Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion following immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome during blinatumomab therapy: a case report.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial-induced hyponatremia: pathophysiological mechanisms, implicated agents, and clinical management strategies.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Anti-Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Encephalitis Presenting with An Atypical, Protracted Course of Cognitive Decline.Journal of epilepsy research · 2026Article
- Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in drug-induced syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Pituitary apoplexy presenting as refractory hyponatremia.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- Furosemide plus oral sodium chloride for syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis after fluid restriction failure.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Article
- In-hospital deep vein thrombosis after tibial plateau fractures: incidence, laterality/anatomy, and risk factors in a multicenter retrospective cohort of 3366 patients.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2026Article
- SGLT2 Inhibitors as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in SIADH-Induced Hyponatraemia: Emerging Evidence and Clinical Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Pitfalls in the management of undiagnosed secondary adrenal insufficiency: a case report and review of the literature.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Hyponatraemic seizure in a healthy adult due to stress-associated non-osmotic vasopressin-mediated antidiuresis on a low-solute background: a case report.International journal of emergency medicine · 2026Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder, affecting more than 15% of patients in the hospital. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) is the most frequent cause of hypotonic hyponatremia, mediated by nonosmotic release of arginine vasopressin (AVP, previously known as antidiuretic hormone), which acts on the renal V2 receptors to promote water retention. There are a variety of underlying causes of SIAD, including malignancy, pulmonary pathology, and central nervous system pathology. In clinical practice, the etiology of hyponatremia is frequently multifactorial and the management approach may need to evolve during treatment of a single episode. It is therefore important to regularly reassess clinical status and biochemistry, while remaining alert to potential underlying etiological factors that may become more apparent during the course of treatment. In the absence of severe symptoms requiring urgent intervention, fluid restriction (FR) is widely endorsed as the first-line treatment for SIAD in current guidelines, but there is considerable controversy regarding second-line therapy in instances where FR is unsuccessful, which occurs in around half of cases. We review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and differential diagnosis of SIAD, and summarize recent evidence for therapeutic options beyond FR, with a focus on tolvaptan, urea, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.