ArticleInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2023
Inhaled Corticosteroids in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Risk of Acquiring
Article in International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Inhaled Corticosteroids and Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria Risk in Patients with COPD.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Inhaled Corticosteroids and Risk ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Inhaled Corticosteroids in Subjects with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Old, Unfinished History.Biomolecules · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are associated with an increased risk of clinical pneumonia among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is unknown whether the risk of microbiologically verified pneumonia such as pneumococcal pneumonia is increased in ICS users. Methods: The study population consists of all COPD patients followed in outpatient clinics in eastern Denmark during 2010-2017. ICS use was categorized into four categories based on accumulated use. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used adjusting for age, body mass index, sex, airflow limitation, use of oral corticosteroids, smoking, and year of cohort entry. A propensity score matched analysis was performed for sensitivity analyses. Findings: A total of 21,438 patients were included. Five hundred and eighty-two (2.6%) patients acquired a positive lower airway tract sample with Interpretation: Use of ICS in patients with severe COPD was associated with an increased and dose-dependent risk of acquiring
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.