ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical policy and practice2023
The role of drug regulatory authorities and health technology assessment agencies in shaping incentives for antibiotic R&D: a qualitative study.
Article in Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Current and emerging antibacterial strategies for periprosthetic joint infection: An overview.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Current economic and regulatory challenges in developing antibiotics for Gram-negative bacteria.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Review
- How do we respond to the threat of multidrug-resistant bacteria? Comparison of antibiotic appraisals from 2016 to 2020 of the French, English, and German HTA agencies.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2024Review
- Preserving the efficacy of antibiotics to tackle antibiotic resistance.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Review
- Origin of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance, and Their Impacts on Drug Development: A Narrative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- What are the missing pieces needed to stop antibiotic resistance?Microbial biotechnology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFew antibiotics have entered the market in recent years despite the need for new treatment options. Some of the challenges of bringing new antibiotics to market are linked to the marketing authorization and health technology assessment (HTA) processes. Research shows great variation in geographic availability of new antibiotics, suggesting that market introduction of new antibiotics is unpredictable. We aimed to investigate regulatory authorities' and HTA agencies' role in developing non-financial incentives to stimulate antibiotic research and development (R&D).
methodsWe conducted individual, semi-structured, stakeholder interviews. Participants were recruited from regulatory authorities (EMA and FDA) and HTA agencies in Europe. Participants had to be experienced with assessment of antibiotics. The data were analyzed using a deductive and inductive approach to develop codes and identify key themes. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis including the constant comparison method to define concepts, and rival thinking to identify alternative explanations.
resultsWe found that (1) interpretation of key concepts guiding the understanding of what type of antibiotics are needed vary (2) lack of a shared approach on how to deal with limited clinical data in the marketing authorization and HTA processes is causing barriers to getting new antibiotics to market (3) necessary adaptations to the marketing authorization process causes uncertainties that transmit to other key stakeholders involved in delivering antibiotics to patients.
conclusionsA shared understanding of limited clinical data and how to deal with this issue is needed amongst stakeholders involved in antibiotic R&D, marketing authorization, and market introduction to ensure antibiotics reach the market before resistance levels are out of control. Regulatory authorities and HTA agencies could play an active role in aligning the view of what constitutes an unmet medical need, and direct new economic models towards stimulating greater diversity in the antibiotic armamentarium.
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Registered trials
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