Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36973042›Full record

ArticleSexually transmitted infections2023

Sexual and reproductive health in Britain during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional population survey (Natsal-COVID-Wave 2) and national surveillance data.

Kirstin R Mitchell, Malachi Willis, Emily Dema, Andrew J Baxter, Anne Connolly, Julie Riddell, Raquel Bosó Pérez, Soazig Clifton, Jo Gibbs, Clare Tanton and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sexually transmitted infections, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Decreased chlamydia notifications in six European Union/European Economic Area countries and England, 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
  2. Open forum infectious diseases · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
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  6. Article
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  9. Associations Between Recent Contraceptive Use and First Sex Behaviors of Scottish Adolescents: A Brief Report.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Kirstin R MitchellMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK Kirstin.Mitchell@glasgow.ac.uk nigel.field@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-4409-6601
Malachi WillisMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3173-3990
Emily DemaInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7254-2023
Andrew J BaxterMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7654-9687
Anne ConnollyInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4953-2182
Julie RiddellMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8084-4566
Raquel Bosó PérezMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7342-4566
Soazig CliftonInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4171-0805
Jo GibbsInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5696-0260
Clare TantonPublic Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4612-1858
Rebecca GearyInstitute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1417-1057
Natasha RatnaBlood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and HIV Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8848-7938
Hamish MohammedBlood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and HIV Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2060-7286
Magnus UnemoDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-1710-2081
Christopher BonellPublic Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6253-6498
Andrew CopasInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8968-5963
Pam SonnenbergInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1067-1583
Catherine H MercerInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4220-5034
Nigel FieldInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK Kirstin.Mitchell@glasgow.ac.uk nigel.field@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-2825-6652

Funding

Chief Scientist Office SPHSU17Chief Scientist Office SPHSU18Medical Research Council MC_UU_00022/2Medical Research Council MC_UU_00022/3Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo assess sexual behaviour, and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes, after 1 year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Britain.

methods6658 participants aged 18-59 and resident in Britain completed a cross-sectional web-panel survey (Natsal-COVID-Wave 2, March-April 2021), 1 year after the first lockdown. Natsal-COVID-2 follows the Natsal-COVID-Wave 1 survey (July-August 2020) which captured impacts in the initial months. Quota-based sampling and weighting resulted in a quasi-representative population sample. Data were contextualised with reference to the most recent probability sample population data (Natsal-3; collected 2010-12; 15 162 participants aged 16-74) and national surveillance data on recorded sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, conceptions, and abortions in England/Wales (2010-2020). The main outcomes were: sexual behaviour; SRH service use; pregnancy, abortion and fertility management; sexual dissatisfaction, distress and difficulties.

resultsIn the year from the first lockdown, over two-thirds of participants reported one or more sexual partners (women 71.8%; men 69.9%), while fewer than 20.0% reported a new partner (women 10.4%; men 16.8%). Median occasions of sex per month was two. Compared with 2010-12 (Natsal-3), we found less sexual risk behaviour (lower reporting of multiple partners, new partners, and new condomless partners), including among younger participants and those reporting same-sex behaviour. One in 10 women reported a pregnancy; pregnancies were fewer than in 2010-12 and less likely to be scored as unplanned. 19.3% of women and 22.8% of men were distressed or worried about their sex life, significantly more than in 2010-12. Compared with surveillance trends from 2010 to 2019, we found lower than expected use of STI-related services and HIV testing, lower levels of chlamydia testing, and fewer conceptions and abortions.

conclusionsOur findings are consistent with significant changes in sexual behaviour, SRH, and service uptake in the year following the first lockdown in Britain. These data are foundational to SRH recovery and policy planning.

Indexed as

COVID-19Sexually Transmitted DiseasesAdolescentAdultAgedCommunicable Disease ControlCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsReproductive HealthSexual BehaviorSexual PartnersCERVICAL SCREENINGCOVID-19PREGNANCYREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHSEXUAL BEHAVIOURSEXUAL DIFFICULTIESSEXUAL HEALTHSEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONSSEXUAL SATISFACTION

Identifiers

PMID36973042
PMCPMC10447381

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.