ArticleBMJ open2023
Sex differences in non-communicable disease multimorbidity among adults aged 45 years or older in India.
Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlates of disability among primary care patients with common mental disorders and chronic medical conditions- a cross-sectional study from rural South India.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Trial
- Effect of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases Multimorbidity on Functional Disability in Older Adults in Ireland: Evidence From the 2019 Irish Health Survey.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of multimorbidity prevalence and lifestyle factors among older adults in frigid versus non-frigid zones of China.BMC public health · 2026Article
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- Multimorbidity and its association with health-related quality of life among older adults in india: a cross-sectional analysis of LASI wave-1.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Exploring the intersectional dynamics of co-morbidities and risk factors among the older population in India.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Temporal analysis of non-communicable diseases and NCD-HIV/AIDS comorbidity in Malawi: A 4-year retrospective study 2020-2022.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
- Non-Communicable Diseases in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Their Risk Factors.Infection & chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Expanding the women's health paradigm beyond reproductive boundaries.The Indian journal of medical research · 2025Article
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- Cigarettes and e-cigarettes use among US adults with multimorbidity.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2024Article
- Cardiometabolic multimorbidity in Mexican adults: a cross-sectional analysis of a national survey.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Non-communicable diseases and their impact on depression, anxiety, and stress among the geriatric population residing in old age homes in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- Overview of multimorbidity research in India: A scoping review.Journal of multimorbidity and comorbidityReview
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveOlder male and female adults differ in key characteristics such as disease-specific life expectancy, health behaviours and clinical presentations and non-communicable disease multimorbidity (NCD-MM). Therefore, examining the sex differences in NCD-MM among older adults is vital, as this issue is understudied in low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) contexts such as India, and has been growing in the past few decades.
designLarge scale nationally representative cross-sectional study. SETTINGS AND
participantsLongitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI 2017-2018) had data on 27 343 men and 31 730 women aged 45+, drawn from a sample of 59 073 individuals across India. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES MEASURES: We operationalised NCD-MM based on prevalence of the presence of two or more long-term chronic NCD morbidities. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis along with multivariate statistics were used.
resultsWomen aged 75+ had a higher prevalence of multimorbidity as compared with men (52.1% vs 45.17%). NCD-MM was more common among widows (48.5%) than widowers (44.8%). The female-to-male ratios of ORs (RORs) for NCD-MM associated with overweight/obesity and prior history of chewing tobacco were 1.10 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.20) and 1.42 (95% CI: 1.12 to 1.80), respectively. The female-to-male RORs show that the odds of NCD-MM were greater in formerly working women (1.24 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.44)) relative to formerly working men. The effect of increasing NCD-MM on limitations in activities of daily living and instrumental ADL was greater in men than women but reversed for the hospitalisation.
conclusionsWe found significant sex differences in NCD-MM prevalence among older Indian adults, with various associated risk factors. The patterns underlying these differences warrant greater study, given existing evidence on differential longevity, health burdens and health-seeking patterns all of which operate in a larger structural context of patriarchy. Health systems in turn must respond to NCD-MM mindful of these patterns and aim to redress some of the larger inequities they reflect.
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