GuidelineChest2023
Effect of Race and Ethnicity on Pulmonary Function Testing Interpretation: An American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST), American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC), American Thoracic Society (ATS), and Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS) Evidence Review and Research Statement.
Guideline in Chest, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Practices and Preferences Regarding Race and Spirometry Interpretation: A National Survey.CHEST pulmonary · 2026Article
- Implications of race-neutral equations on interpretation of lung function in Australia.Internal medicine journal · 2026Article
- Gender-Specific Association of Cigarette Smoking with Spirometry and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Parameters in Elite Athletes-Impact of Cigarette Smoking in Elite Athletes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Pulmonary Function Tests as Predictors of Successful Tracheostomy Decannulation: A 60-Day Prospective Study.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Observational
- Tacrolimus as first-line therapy in a US cohort of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies related interstitial lung disease.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Impact of reference equations on lung function and outcomes in fibrotic interstitial lung disease.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Prioritizing precision: guidelines for the better use of population descriptors in human microbiome research.mSystems · 2025Review
- Implications of removing race from spirometry reference equations in children with asthma.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2025Article
- Year in Review: Pulmonary Function Testing.Respiratory care · 2025Review
- Race-neutral versus race-specific GLI reference equations on spirometry interpretation in the general population.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Implications of reference equations for interpretation of spirometry in three African countries: a cross-sectional study.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Spirometry interpretation in Africa: bridging the gap with relevant reference equations.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Spirometry at different Latin American altitudes: a Global Lung Function Initiative project.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Validity and reliability of the persian version of the dyspnea-12 questionnaire in assessing dyspnea among COPD patients.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Comparison of Race-Neutral versus Race-Specific Spirometry Equations for Evaluation of Child Asthma.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- Race-specific to GLI multi-ethnic to race-neutral GLI Global prediction equations for spirometry - which is the right option for Indians?Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society · 2025Article
- Examining discordance in spirometry reference equations: A retrospective study.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Rethinking the Role of Race in Lung Function: The Shift to Race-Neutral Spirometry Interpretation.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2024Article
- Pulmonary Function after Nonmyeloablative Hematopoietic Cell Transplant for Sickle Cell Disease.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Article
- Impact of race-neutral global reference equations on spirometry interpretation in healthy children in The Gambia.IJTLD open · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 15 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCalls have been made to discontinue the routine use of race and ethnicity in medicine. Specific to respiratory medicine, the use of race- and ethnicity-specific reference equations for the interpretation of pulmonary function test (PFT) results has been questioned. RESEARCH QUESTIONS: Three key questions were addressed: (1) What is the current evidence supporting the use of race- and ethnicity-specific reference equations for the interpretation of PFTs? (2) What are the potential clinical implications of the use or nonuse of race and ethnicity in interpreting PFT results? and (3) What research gaps and questions must be addressed and answered to understand better the effect of race and ethnicity on PFT results interpretation and potential clinical and occupational health implications? STUDY DESIGN AND
methodsA joint multisociety (American College of Chest Physicians, American Association for Respiratory Care, American Thoracic Society, and Canadian Thoracic Society) expert panel was formed to undertake a comprehensive evidence review and to develop a statement with recommendations to address the research questions.
resultsSeveral assumptions and gaps, both in the published literature and in our evolving understanding of lung health, were identified. It seems that many past perceptions and practices regarding the effect of race and ethnicity on PFT results interpretation are based on limited scientific evidence and measures that lack reliability.
interpretationA need exists for more and better research that will inform our field about these many uncertainties and will serve as a foundation for future recommendations in this area. The identified shortcomings should not be discounted or dismissed because they may enable flawed conclusions, unintended consequences, or both. Addressing the identified research gaps and needs would allow a better-a more informed-understanding of the effects of race and ethnicity on PFT results interpretation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.