Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36971796›Full record

ArticleJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology2023

Clinical outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors in unresectable or metastatic combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma.

Yoon Jung Jang, Eo Jin Kim, Hyung-Don Kim, Kyu-Pyo Kim, Min-Hee Ryu, Sook Ryun Park, Won-Mook Choi, Danbi Lee, Jonggi Choi, Ju Hyun Shim and 5 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Update on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Combined Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Yoon Jung JangDepartment of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Eo Jin KimDepartment of Hematology/Oncology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Hyung-Don KimDepartment of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Kyu-Pyo KimDepartment of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Min-Hee RyuDepartment of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Sook Ryun ParkDepartment of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Won-Mook ChoiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Danbi LeeDepartment of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Jonggi ChoiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Ju Hyun ShimDepartment of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Kang Mo KimDepartment of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Young-Suk LimDepartment of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Han Chu LeeDepartment of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Baek-Yeol Ryoo *Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea. ryooby@amc.seoul.kr.
Changhoon Yoo *Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea. yooc@amc.seoul.kr.
University of Ulsan · KRAsan Medical Center · KRUlsan College · KRKorea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences · KRSungkyunkwan University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been demonstrated to be effective for unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in prior prospective trials. However, the clinical outcomes of ICIs in patients with combined HCC-CCA (cHCC-CCA) have not been investigated. Accordingly, we retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness and safety of ICIs in patients with unresectable or metastatic cHCC-CCA.

methodsAmong 101 patients with histologically documented cHCC-CCA who received systemic therapy, 25 received ICIs between January 2015 and September 2021 and were included in the current analysis. Overall response rate (ORR) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) were retrospectively evaluated.

resultsThe median age was 64 years (range 38-83) and 84% (n = 21) of patients were males. Most patients had Child-Pugh A liver function (n = 22, 88%) and hepatitis B virus infection (17, 68%). Nivolumab (n = 17, 68%) was the most frequently used ICI, followed by pembrolizumab (n = 5, 20%), atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (n = 2, 8%), and ipilimumab plus nivolumab (n = 1, 4%). All patients, except one, had previously received systemic therapy; median two lines (1-5 lines) of systemic therapy were administered prior to ICIs. With a median follow-up duration of 20.1 months (95% CI 4.9-35.2 months), the median PFS was 3.5 months (95% CI 2.4-4.8 months), and the median OS was 8.3 months (95% CI 6.8-9.8 months). The ORR was 20.0% (n = 5, nivolumab for 2 patients, pembrolizumab for 1, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for 1, and ipilimumab plus nivolumab for 1) and the duration of response was 11.6 months (95% CI 11.2-12.0 months).

conclusionsICIs displayed clinical anti-cancer effectiveness, aligning with the results of prior prospective studies for HCC or CCA. Further international studies are required to define the optimal strategies for managing unresectable or metastatic cHCC-CCA.

Indexed as

Bile Duct NeoplasmsCarcinoma, HepatocellularCholangiocarcinomaLiver NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBevacizumabBile Ducts, IntrahepaticFemaleHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsIpilimumabMaleMiddle AgedNivolumabBevacizumabImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsIpilimumabNivolumabChemotherapyCombined hepatocellular–cholangiocarcinomaImmune checkpoint inhibitorNivolumabPembrolizumab

Identifiers

PMID36971796
PMCPMC11798013
OpenAlexW4361010263

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.