Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36969875›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2023

Antiretroviral drugs efavirenz, dolutegravir and bictegravir dysregulate blood-brain barrier integrity and function.

Chang Huang, Tozammel Hoque, Reina Bendayan

Open access · goldFull text read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Efavirenz-Altered Gut-Microbiota,International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Observational
  4. Dolutegravir induces endoplasmic reticulum stress at the blood-brain barrier.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Chang HuangDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Tozammel HoqueDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Reina BendayanDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
University of Toronto · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The implementation of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) significantly reduces the mortality associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, complications such as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain a major health concern. We hypothesized that the toxicity of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) may contribute to the pathogenesis of HAND in addition to cerebral viral infection. To address this question, we evaluated the impact of HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors (dolutegravir and bictegravir), and a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (efavirenz) on the integrity and permeability of various human and mouse blood-brain barrier (BBB) models,

Indexed as

antiretroviral drugs (ARVs)ARV toxicitybictegravirblood-brain barrierdolutegravirefavirenzHIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

Identifiers

PMID36969875
PMCPMC10030948
OpenAlexW4323567711

What OpenQuestion holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
measurements read102
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.