ReviewNeuro-oncology advances
Tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma: Current and emerging concepts.
Review in Neuro-oncology advances. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 256 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
256 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- LAK to CIK continuum in glioma immunotherapy: a systematic review of efficacy and safety outcomes.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Receptor tyrosine kinase targeted therapies in glioblastoma: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic Review of Pre-Clinical Systems Using Artificial Microenvironments and Anti-Migratory Drugs to Control Migration of Glioblastoma Cells.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Antidepressant drugs and risk of developing glioma: a national registry-based case-control study and a meta-analysis.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- Enhanced Glioblastoma Detection ThroughMagnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Mimicking tumor hypoxia in a glioblastoma-on-a-chip.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Ion Channel-Targeting Modulators in Glioma: Pharmacological Advances and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Translational Theranostics in Glioblastoma: FAPI-46 as a Precision Medicine Tool.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2026Article
- Syntaxin 12 Sustains Endosomal-Lysosomal Homeostasis and Survival in Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells.Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) · 2026Article
- NatD promotes glioblastoma progression through epigenetic activation of FGFR4 signalling.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy for Glioma: A compartmental framework for resistance and rational combination design.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Crosslink Between Neuroinflammation and Oxidative/Nitrosative Status in the Glioblastoma Tumor Microenvironment: Prognostic and Theranostic Impact.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- The Invasive Margin of Glioblastoma as a Molecular Ecosystem: Spatial Heterogeneity, Tumor-Host Interactions, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Armored Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy Targets Antigen-Heterogeneous Glioma.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Review
- PET-based Radiomics Analysis for Predicting Prognosis and Differentiation Treatment-Related Changes in Glioma: A Systematic Review.Journal of biomedical physics & engineering · 2026Article
- A malignant symbiosis: The neuro-metabolic symphony rewires the tumor microenvironment.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- The Single-Cell Pediatric Cancer Atlas: Data portal and open-source tools for single-cell transcriptomics of pediatric tumors.Cell genomics · 2026Article
- Circadian-guided oncolytic virotherapy for glioblastoma.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Review
- Adjuvant personalized multivalent neoantigen DNA vaccination for MGMT unmethylated glioblastoma: a phase 1 trial.Nature cancer · 2026Article
196 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly heterogeneous and complex system, which in addition to cancer cells, consists of various resident brain and immune cells as well as cells in transit through the tumor such as marrow-derived immune cells. The TME is a dynamic environment which is heavily influenced by alterations in cellular composition, cell-to-cell contact and cellular metabolic products as well as other chemical factors, such as pH and oxygen levels. Emerging evidence suggests that GBM cells appear to reprogram their the TME, and hijack microenvironmental elements to facilitate rapid proliferation, invasion, migration, and survival thus generating treatment resistance. GBM cells interact with their microenvironment directly through cell-to-cell by interaction mediated by cell-surface molecules, or indirectly through apocrine or paracrine signaling via cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular vehicles. The recent discovery of neuron-glioma interfaces and neurotransmitter-based interactions has uncovered novel mechanisms that favor tumor cell survival and growth. Here, we review the known and emerging evidence related to the communication between GBM cells and various components of its TME, discuss models for studying the TME and outline current studies targeting components of the TME for therapeutic purposes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.