ReviewMolecular cancer2023
Unleashing the potential of combining FGFR inhibitor and immune checkpoint blockade for FGF/FGFR signaling in tumor microenvironment.
Review in Molecular cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- PD-1/ PD-L1 bispecific antibody IBI318 combined with lenvatinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer with acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a phase II trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- A phase II, multicenter, single-arm study of pemigatinib in patients with metastatic or unresectable colorectal cancer harboring FGFR alterations.The oncologist · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Derived FGF7 Promotes Immune Escape in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma via JAK/STAT3-Mediated PD-L1 Expression.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2026Article
- Evolving precision: Updates in targeted therapy for cholangiocarcinoma.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2026Review
- Prognostic Value of EEF1A1 and Its Correlation with Immune Regulation in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2026Article
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer: biology, regulatory networks and theranostic prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- FGFR Inhibitor AZD4547 Disrupts Inflammatory CAF Crosstalk With Cancer Cells and Macrophages and Attenuates Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- HERV2365 upregulates FGF1 expression by sponging miR-326 to promote the progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.iScience · 2026Article
- Tumor Anti-Angiogenesis Therapy and Its Influence on Immune Cell Function in the Tumor Microenvironment.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Overexpression of FGFR2 in Mandibular Ameloblastoma Is Potentially Associated with Gene Amplification and Deletion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Intratumoral spatiotemporal heterogeneity of HPV DNA status in HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with clinical record.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- FGF family in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- FGFR4 and HER2 co-expression is associated with the proinflammatory tumor microenvironment in HR + breast cancer.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Bevacizumab in biliary tract cancer: a clinical catalyst in the era of chemo-immunotherapy?Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors: exploring immunomodulatory effects on various immune cell types in cancer.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- JAK3 identified as a key toxicological target of aristolochic acid in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Knockdown of ALOX15 alleviates acute coronary syndrome via the FGFR2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Targeted therapies for urothelial carcinoma: From FGFR inhibitors to next‑generation antibody-drug conjugates (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) play a crucial role in cell fate and angiogenesis, with dysregulation of the signaling axis driving tumorigenesis. Therefore, many studies have targeted FGF/FGFR signaling for cancer therapy and several FGFR inhibitors have promising results in different tumors but treatment efficiency may still be improved. The clinical use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has resulted in sustained remission for patients. MAIN: Although there is limited data linking FGFR inhibitors and immunotherapy, preclinical research suggest that FGF/FGFR signaling is involved in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) including immune cells, vasculogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This raises the possibility that ICB in combination with FGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (FGFR-TKIs) may be feasible for treatment option for patients with dysregulated FGF/FGFR signaling.
conclusionHere, we review the role of FGF/FGFR signaling in TME regulation and the potential mechanisms of FGFR-TKI in combination with ICB. In addition, we review clinical data surrounding ICB alone or in combination with FGFR-TKI for the treatment of FGFR-dysregulated tumors, highlighting that FGFR inhibitors may sensitize the response to ICB by impacting various stages of the "cancer-immune cycle".
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.