ReviewThe Lancet. Public health2023
Effectiveness assessment of non-pharmaceutical interventions: lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Review in The Lancet. Public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies in reducing COVID-19 cases, hospitalisations, and deaths.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness of preventive COVID-19 interventions: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of comparative economic evaluation studies based on real-world data.Journal of global health · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 transmission: rapid review of evidence from Italy, the United States, the United Kingdom, and China.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- The Long Arm of Childhood Policy: Historical Schooling Laws and COVID-19 Pandemic-era Mortality.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Real-time estimation of pathogen transmission dynamics from wastewater.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Unjustified Poisson assumptions lead to overconfident estimates of the effective reproductive number.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Robust estimation of the time-dependent reproduction number in the presence of weekend reporting effects.BMC global and public health · 2026Article
- Impacts of relaxed mask policies on COVID-19 epidemics: a modeling study in South Korea.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The effect of lifestyle interventions on cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Review
- Modeling and Simulation of the Role of Mass Testing in Controlling COVID-19.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2026Article
- Epidemiological Trends of COVID-19 Infection and Symptom Incidence in China Following the Adjustment of Zero-COVID Policy: A Prospective, Community-Based Cohort Study.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- The impact of policy restrictions and mobility changes on excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Netherlands, 2020-2022.PloS one · 2026Article
- Exploring integrated advice and avian influenza knowledge gaps by using a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza outbreak simulation.PloS one · 2026Article
- Lessons for medical countermeasure development from unforeseen outbreaks.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Review
- Impact of COVID-19 restrictions on childhood allergic sensitization: a three-phase comparative study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Determinants of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus transmission.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Changes inMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Optimal algorithms for controlling infectious diseases in real time using noisy infection data.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Identifying COVID-19 peaks using early warning signals.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Estimating the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 transmission in the Netherlands.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as school closures and stay-at-home orders, during the COVID-19 pandemic has been assessed in many studies. Such assessments can inform public health policies and contribute to evidence-based choices of NPIs during subsequent waves or future epidemics. However, methodological issues and no standardised assessment practices have restricted the practical value of the existing evidence. Here, we present and discuss lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic and make recommendations for standardising and improving assessment, data collection, and modelling. These recommendations could contribute to reliable and policy-relevant assessments of the effectiveness of NPIs during future epidemics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.