ArticleNeuroImage. Clinical2023
Exploring the longitudinal associations of functional network connectivity and psychiatric symptom changes in youth.
Article in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Study on dynamic functional connectivity and efficacy prediction of SAINT for rapid antidepressant effects and relief of suicidal ideation.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Perinatal Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Brain Connectivity Among 9- to 15-Year-Old Offspring.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Noise and Dynamic Brain Connectivity across Adolescence.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Maternal Immune Activation and Child Brain Development: A Longitudinal Population-Based Multimodal Neuroimaging Study.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Article
- Longitudinal development of resting-state functional connectivity in adolescents with and without internalizing disorders.Neuroscience applied · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFunctional connectivity has been associated with psychiatric problems, both in children and adults, but inconsistencies are present across studies. Prior research has mostly focused on small clinical samples with cross-sectional designs.
methodsWe adopted a longitudinal design with repeated assessments to investigate associations between functional network connectivity (FNC) and psychiatric problems in youth (9- to 17-year-olds, two time points) from the general population. The largest single-site study of pediatric neurodevelopment was used: Generation R (N = 3,131 with data at either time point). Psychiatric symptoms were measured with the Child Behavioral Checklist as broadband internalizing and externalizing problems, and its eight specific syndrome scales (e.g., anxious-depressed). FNC was assessed with two complementary approaches. First, static FNC (sFNC) was measured with graph theory-based metrics. Second, dynamic FNC (dFNC), where connectivity is allowed to vary over time, was summarized into 5 states that participants spent time in. Cross-lagged panel models were used to investigate the longitudinal bidirectional relationships of sFNC with internalizing and externalizing problems. Similar cross-lagged panel models were run for dFNC.
resultsSmall longitudinal relationships between dFNC and certain syndrome scales were observed, especially for baseline syndrome scales (i.e., rule-breaking, somatic complaints, thought problems, and attention problems) predicting connectivity changes. However, no association between any of the psychiatric problems (broadband and syndrome scales) with either measure of FNC survived correction for multiple testing.
conclusionWe found no or very modest evidence for longitudinal associations between psychiatric problems with dynamic and static FNC in this population-based sample. Differences in findings may stem from the population drawn, study design, developmental timing, and sample sizes.
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